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İngiltere ve Galler'de Şüphelilerin Gözaltına Alınması

REGULATING DETENTION OF SUSPECTS IN ENGLAND AND WALES

Journal Name:

  • Polis Bilimleri Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2003

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
The Police and Criminal Evidence Act (PACE) was regarded as a fundamental law reform in the field of police powers and suspects' rights and a landmark in the history of modern policing in England and Wales. Notably, as a statutory codi-fication and rationalisation of police powers and the safeguards over their exerci-se, it had a symbolic and a practical importance. Together with its associated co-des of practice, it not only provided for the first time a detailed legislative frame-work for the operation of police powers and rights of suspects, but also set up a fra-mework of rules designed to provide a tighter regulation of police powers and new controls on the treatment of suspects in custody. The act introduced a number of new elements in the detention of a suspect, such as the provision of a custody of-ficer and review of detention, and whilst claiming to provide a tighter regulation of detention procedure, it increased and intensified the powers of the police to bring the suspects into police custody. Perhaps one of the most important changes that took place was detention for questioning. With a considerable clarity, PACE lega-lized the pre-charge detention procedure and detention for questioning; leaving little room for ambiguity that may have been caused by lack of regulation. After PACE came into force a considerable amount of research investigated whether or not the new rules had any impact when compared with the previous practices. The review of these studies sug-gests that PACE seems to have had a certain effect on the nature and outcomes of police handling of suspects, but integration of the rules into police culture and working practices was uneven and incomplete. In conclusion, it appears that the detention procedure under PACE still remains open to errors, although this is less likely than in the pre-PACE period.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
1984 tarihli ingiliz Polis ve Adli Deliller Kanunu ve buna bağlı olarak çıkarılan yönetmelikler, ingiltere ve Galler'de arama, gözaltına alma, yakalama, sorgulama ve parmak izi alma gibi prosedürler ile ilgili olarak polisin yetki ve ödevlerini düzenleyen ayrıntılı hukuki düzenlemeler içermektedir. Daha önce mahkeme iç¬tihatlarının yön verdiği polisin gözaltına alma yetkisi, anılan kanunla birlikte ingi¬liz hukuk tarihinde ilk defa bir kanun ve yönetmelik tarafından doğrudan bir hukuki prosedüre tabi tutulmuştur. Kısaca PACE olarak adlandırılan bu yasaya göre gözaltına alınan şüpheliler, bir takım haklara sahiptir. Bunların başında haklarının kendisine bildirilmesi, bir avukat ile görüşebilme ve gözaltına alındığının yakınla¬rına haber verilmesini isteme gibi haklar gelmektedir. Kanunla getirilen en önem¬li yenilik ise 'gözaltı memuru' (custody offıcer) uygulamasıdır. Bu uygulama ile gözaltı memuru, gözaltına alma prosedürünün tam olarak işleyişinden birinci derecede sorumlu tutulmakta ve bir anlamda kanunun amacına uygun işleyişi güvence altına alınmaya çalışılmaktadır. Ancak, kanunun uygulamada işleyişi ile ilgili yapılan bilimsel araştırmalar kanun koyucunun amaçlarının tam olarak gerçekleşme¬diğini göstermektedir. Bununla beraber, adli hataların yeni kanunun yürürlüğe gir¬mesinden sonra bir azalma sürecine girdiği görülmektedir.
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