Buradasınız

Defining the Effects of Television on the Body Image on the Basis of Adolescents' Opinions

Journal Name:

Publication Year:

Abstract (2. Language): 
This study aimed to determine the effects of television on the body images of the adolescents at high school. In the study, mixed method was used. Out of 1222 high school students, who completed the "Scale of Satisfaction from Body Parts and Features", 36 students participated in the study according to their scores from this scale. Qualitative data of the study was collected through semi-structured interviews and the interview data was analyzed descriptively. The results of the study revealed that the majority of the adolescents were satisfied with their bodies, yet the males reported more satisfaction than the females. Furthermore, it was seen that the adolescents emulated the ideal body types and features on television that they wanted to have or they did not have and they sometimes tried to resemble these. Moreover, it was determined that most of the adolescents compared themselves with the ideal body images on TV and they sometimes experienced disappointment and pessimism.
65
77

REFERENCES

References: 

Abrams, L. S., & Stormer, C. C. (2002). Sociocultural variations in the body image perceptions of urban adolescent females. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 3, 443-450.
Barker, E. T., & Galambos, N. L. (2003). Body dissatisfaction of adolescent girls and boys: Risk and resource factors. Journal of Early Adolescence, 23(2), 141-165.
Barlett, C. P., Vowels, C. L., & Saucier, D. A. (2008). Meta-analyses of the effects of media images on men's body image concerns. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 27, 279-310.
Bearman, S. K., Martinez, E., Stice, E., & Presnell, K. (2006). The skinny on body dissatisfaction: A longitudinal study of adolescent girls and boys. Journal Youth Adolescence, 35(2), 217-229.
Berscheid, E,, Walster, E,, & Bohmstedt, G. (1973). The happy American body: A survey report. Psychology Today, 7, 119-131.
Blond, A. (2008). Impacts of exposure to images of ideal bodies on male body dissatisfaction: A review. Body Image, 5(3), 244-250.
Botta,
R
. A. (1999). Television images and adolescent girls' body image disturbance. Journal of Communication, 49(2), 22-41.
74
Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry, October 2010, 1(2)
Carlson Jones, D. (2002). Social comparison and body image: Attractiveness comparisons to models and peers among adolescent girls and boys. Sex Roles, 45(9/10), 645-664.
Carlson Jones, D., & Crawford, J. K. (2006). The peer appearance culture during adolescence: Gender and body mass variations. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 2, 257-269.
Cash, T. F. (2002). Cognivite-behavioral perspectives on body image. In T. F. Cash, & T. Pruzinsky (Eds.), Body image: A handbook of theory, research and clinical practice (pp.38-46). New York: The Guilford Press.
Craig, G. J., & Baucum, D. (2002). Human development(9th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
Creswell, W. J. (2005). Educational research: planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (2nd ed.). Upper Saddle River, N.J: Pearson/ Merrill/Prentice Hall.
Çok,
F
. (1990). Body image satisfaction in turkish adolescents. Adolescence, 25(98), 410-413.
Davis, B. (1999). What's real, what's ideal: Overcoming a negative body image. New York: The Rosen Publishing Group, Inc.
Demir, B. D. (2006). Liseye devam eden kız öğrencilerin beslenme alışkanlıkları ve beden algısını etkileyen etmenler [Eating habits of female students attending to high school and factors that affect their body image]. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi [Unpublished Master's Thesis], Hacettepe Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Ankara.
Gökdoğan, F. (1988). Orta öğretime devam eden ergenlerde beden imajından hoşnut olma düzeyi [The level of being satisfied with the body image of high school students]. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi [Unpublished Master's Thesis]. Ankara Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
Grogan, S. (1999). Body image: Understanding body dissaticfaction in men, women, and children. NewYork, NY: Routledge.
Grogan, S. (2008). Body image: Understanding body dissaticfaction in men, women, and children (2nd ed.). NewYork, NY: Psychology Press.
Hargreaves, D. A., & Tiggemann, M. (2004). Idealized media images and adolescent body image: "comparing" boys and girls. Body Image, 1(4), 351-361.
Hensley Choate, L. (2005). Toward a theoretical model of women's body image resilience. Journal of Counseling and Development, 83, 320-330.
Holt, K., & Ricciardelli, L. A. (2002). Social comparisons and negative affect as indicators of problem eating and muscle preoccupation among children. Applied Developmental Psychology, 23,
285-304.
Leit, R. A., Pope, H. G., & Gray, J. J. (2001). Cultural expectations of muscularity in men the evolution of playgirl centerfold. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 29, 90-93.
75
Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry, October 2010, 1(2)
Levine, M.P., & Murnen, S.K. (2009). Everybody knows that mass media are/are not [pick one] a cause of eating disorders: A critical review of evidence for a causal link between media, negative body image, and disordered eating in females. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 28(1), 9-42.
Levine, M.P., & Smolak, L. (2002). Body image development in adolescence. In T. F. Cash, & T. Pruzinsky (Eds.), Body image: A handbook of theory, research and clinical practice (pp.74¬82). New York: The Guilford Press.
Lorenzen, L. A., Grieve, F. G., & Thomas, A. (2004). Exposure to muscular male models decreases men's body satisfaction. Sex Roles, 51(11/12), 743-748.
McCabe, M., & Ricciardelli, L. A. (2001). Parent, peer, and media influences on body image and strategies to both increase and decrease body size among adolescent boys and girls.
Adolescence, 36(142), 225-240.
Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (1994). Quaiitative data analysis (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Myers, P. N., & Biocca, F. A. (1992). The elastic body image: The effect of television advertising and programming on body image distortions in young women. Journal of Communication, 42 (3),
108-133.
Muth, J. L., & Cash, T. F. (1997). Body-image attitudes: What difference does gender make? Journal of Appiied Social Psychology, 27, 1438-1452.
Nathanson, A. I., & Botta, R. A. (2003). Shaping the effects of television on adolescents' body image disturbance: The role of parental mediation. Communication Research, 30(3), 304-331.
Neziroğlu,
F.
, Khemlani-Patel, S., & Veale, D. (2008). Social learning theory and cognitive behavioral models of body dysmorphic disorder. Body Image, 5, 28-38.
Pokrajac-Bulian, A., & Zivcic-Becirevic, I. (2005). Locus of control and self-esteem as correlates of body dissatisfaction in croatian university students. European Eating Disorders Review. 13,
54-60.
Robinson, T., Callister, M., & Jankoski, T. (2008). Portrayal of body weight on children's television sitcoms: A content analysis. Body Image, 5(2), 141-151.
Rumsey, N. (2002). Body image and congenital conditions with visible differences. In T. F. Cash, & T. Pruzinsky (Eds.), Body image: A handbook of theory, research and clinical practice (pp.226¬233). New York: The Guilford Press.
Santrock, J.W. (1997). Life span development. Dubuque: Brown and Benchmark.
Sarwer, D. B., Wadden, T. A., Pertschuk, M. J., & Whitaker, L. A. (1998). The psychology of cosmetic surgery: A review and reconceptulization. Clinical Psychology Review, 18(1), 1-22.
76
Turkish Online Journal of Qualitative Inquiry, October 2010, 1(2)
Smolak, L. (2002). Body image development in children. In T. F. Cash, & T. Pruzinsky (Eds.), Body image: A handbook of theory, research and clinical practice (pp.65-73). New York: The Guilford Press.
Stice, E., & Shaw, H. E. (2002). Role of body dissatisfaction in the onset and maintenance of eating pathology, a synthesis of research findings. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 53, 985¬993.
Spettigue, W., & Henderson, K. (2004). Eating disorders and the role of the media. The Canadian Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Review, 13(1), 16-19.
Tantleff-Dunn, S., & Gokee, J. L. (2002). Interpersonel influences on body image development. In T.
F. Cash, & T. Pruzinsky (Eds.), Body image: A handbook of theory, research and clinical practice (pp.108-116). New York: The Guilford Press.
Schor, E. L. (Ed.). (1999). Caring for your sochool-age child ages: 5 to 12. The American Academy of pediatrics. New York: Bantam Books.
Thompson, J. K., Heinberg, L. J., Altabe, M. N., & Tantleff-Dunn, S. (1999). Exacting beauty: Theory, assessment and treatment of body image disturbance. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Tiggemann, M. (2002). Media influences on body image development. In T. F. Cash, & T. Pruzinsky (Eds.), Body image: A handbook of theory, research and clinical practice (pp. 91-98). New York: The Guilford Press.
Tiggemann, M., & Slater, A. (2004). Thin ideals in music television: A source of social comparison and body dissatisfaction. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 35(1), 48-58.
Van den Bulck, J. (2000). Is television bad for your health? Behavior and body image of the adolescent "couch potato''. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 29 (3), 273-288.
Wright, M. R. V. (1989). Body image satisfaction in adolescent girls and boys: A longitudinal study. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 18, 71-83.
Wykes, M., & Gunter, B. (2005). The media and body image. London: SAGE Publications.
Yıldırım,
A.
, & Şimşek, H. (2005). Sosyal biiimlerde nitel araştırma yöntemleri [Quaiitative research methods in social sciences]. (5. Basım) [5th ed.]. Ankara: Seçkin Yayınları.

Thank you for copying data from http://www.arastirmax.com