CEVAHİRÜ’L-AHBAR Fİ HASAYİLİ’L-AHYAR’DA GÜNCEL TÜRKÇE SÖZLÜK’LE ANLAMCA ÖRTÜŞEN DEYİMLER

to the definition of Turkish Dictionary, idioms are stereotyped phrases signifying a quite interesting, different meaning. They are generally stereotyped and have figurative meanings, along with occupying an important place in terms of making influential expressions. These features led them to be used as the indispensable, longstanding elements of expression. However, we should evaluate them without forgetting they have specific features, to be able to make influential expressions. It is not possible even to use their synonyms instead of the words forming the idioms. Only if we evaluate these stereotyped phrases by considering them as a whole and without changing any of its words then can we understand and interpret the text more accurately. When we consider the words forming the idioms separately, these words surely will not infer anything and it will be inevitable to misinterpret the texts. In literary texts idioms have been used for enriching the expressions since the times immemorial. By mentioning a part of these extant expression wonders, we wanted to present them to the regards of researchers. Thus, we chose the manuscript named Cevahirü’l-Ahbar fi Hasayili’l-Ahyar translated in the XVI. Century because it includes an enormous amount of the idioms we described as expression wonders. The translated manuscript consists of the prose of Yusuf’s parable and some poetic tracts. In our work, we compared the idioms in the book with the ones in Turkish Language Society’s contemporary Turkish Dictionary in terms of morphology and meaning. As a result of the comparison, we determined the subject limit of our article as “the idioms corresponding to the idioms in the dictionary in terms of meaning.” There are two copies of Cevahirü’l fi Hasayili’l-Ahyar. Two third of the copy that we examine is prosaic, one third of it is poetic. In the prosaic part there are Yusuf (Joseph) anecdote, verses, hadiths, and short religious verses and in the poetic part there is only religious tales. One of the remarkable aspects of the work is that it is rich as idioms. Especially in the poetics there are more idioms. Some of these idioms overlap with the contemporary idioms in the Turkish Dictionary in terms of both form and meaning. And the other parts also overlap both form and meaning but there are some word and sound changes. We can separate the idioms that overlap with the Turkish Dictionary into three groups. As we did entry the idioms in the Turkish Dictionary, in the regimentation of this part we will give the contemporary equivalents of idioms in Turkish Dictionary: 1- Some of the idioms in the work overlap with the idioms in the Turkey Turkish in terms of both form and meaning. The current equivalents in the Turkish Dictionary of the idioms that we identify in this group is: ağır gelmek (find something difficult), aklı gitmek (be perplexed), bağrına basmak (nestle), can yakmak (hurt), diş bilemek (nurse a grudge), dünyaya gelmek (be born), elden gitmek (be lost),elinde büyümek (raise the child), elinde kalmak (be at the mercy of smo), elinde olmak (be in one’s power), emek çekmek (work hard), eteğine düşmek, gam çekek (grieve), gönül bağlamak (set one’s heart on), gözden nihan olmak (dissappear), gurbete düşmek (be in a foreign land), gücü yetmek (be strong enough), günah işlemek (sin), hasret çekmek (yearn for), hatırına gelmek (cross one’s mind), hayrete düşmek (be amazed), hisse almak (acquire share), hor bakmak (scorn), ibret almak (draw a lesson), intikam almak (revenge), insafa gelmek (come to reason),kıran girmek (decimate), kulak tutmak (listen), kulağına girmemek (not to understand), mecal kalmamak (be exhausted), meşakkat çekmek (suffer hardship), ramak kalmak (be almost), ömür sürmek (last a lifetime), örnek almak (take an example by), reva görmek (deem proper), söz tutmak (keep one’s promise), suretine girmek (assume the form of), şeytana uymak (yield to temptation), teselli bulmak (console oneself), vücuda gelmek (appear), yaş dökmek (shed tears), yol bulmak (contrive), yol gitmek (advance), yola düşmek (set of on a journey), yola gitmek (set off ), yoldan çıkmak (fall from), yüz göstermek (show up), yüz sürmek (show respect and love), yüz tutmak (begin), zahmet çekmek (suffer trouble), zarar gelmek (be wronged by). 2- Some idioms in our texts is same in terms of the meaning with current Turkish, in words there are small some voice changes that comes from the era’s special sounds properties. The current equivalents in the Turkish Dictionary of the idioms that we identify in this group is: akıl erdirememek veya ermemek (be unable to make head or tail of), azap çekmek (suffer anguish), başkaldırmak (revolt against), boyun vermek (waisting), canına kastetmek (commit suicide), el vermek (give a leg up), eli ermek (find the time to do smth), fırsat bulmak (find an opportunity), fırsat vermek (give an opportunity), gam yememek (not to worry), gözden geçirmek (review), gözleri dolmak (be about to cry), ıstırap çekmek (suffer), kendine gelmek (pull round), murat almak (reach to wish), murada veya muradına ermek (attain one’s desire), namaza durmak, ruhunu teslim etmek (give up the ghost), takat getirmek (put up with), teselli vermek (relieve), uykuya varmak (be out like a light), ümidini kesmek (give up hope), üstüne düşmek (get one’s head on), vücuda getirmek (bring something into being), yerine gelmek (come into its own), yerine getirmek (carry out), yol vermek (sen done about one’s business), yükünü çekmek (sustain) , yüzüne vurmak (filling in smo’s theeth). 3- In regimentation the third group idioms are same as meaning but different as vocabulary. Word changes generally arise from the usage of Turkish instead of Arabic or Persian words that were used in the time of text translation or the changes in the “verb” part of idioms. . The current equivalents in the Turkish Dictionary of the idioms that we identify in this group is: acayibine gitmek (find smth strange), ahde vefa etmek (keep one’s promise), aklı gitmek (be perplexed), aklından çıkmak (slip one’s mind), bağrına basmak (take smo to one’s bosom), başına iş açmak (bring trouble on), benzi sararmak (grow pale), boyun vermek (waisting), can gelmek (get refreshed), cana kıymak (commit suicide), canına kastetmek (make an attemp on someone’s life), canına geçmek veya işlemek veya kâr etmek, dilinden düşürmemek (keep harping on something), dünya gözüne zindan olmak veya görünmek veya kesilmek (lead a dog’s life), dünyaya gözlerini kapamak veya yummak (pass away), dünyayı zindan veya zehir etmek veya dünyayı başına dar etmek (lead someone to dog’s life), eceli gelmek (the term of one’s life to expire), elde etmek (procure), ele geçmek (come to hand), elinde bulunmak veya olmak, eline geçmek (be in one’s power), eteğinden ayrılmamak (glued to someone), fırsat beklemek veya aramak (wait for an opportunity), fırsatı kaçırmamak (retain), fikir yormak (think hard), fitne sokmak (create trouble), gam çekmek (grieve), geçmez akçe (a back number), gönül veya gönlünü almak (placate), gönül bağlamak (set one’s heart on), gönül vermek (löse one’s heart to), gözden nihan olmak (disappear), gözleri dolmak veya dolu dolu olmak (to fill with tears), hayret etmek (boggle at something), hayrette kalmak (boggle at something), hoşuna gitmek (like), huy edinmek (fall into a habit), hüzün duymak (feel sorry), iç açmak (cheer up), içi açılmak (feel relieved), ileriyi görmek (foresee), insanlıktan çıkmak (löse one’s human feeling), intizar etmek (curse), kalbi ferahlamak (feel relieved), kapı açmak (opem some doors for smo), kendini alamamak (not contain one’self for), kulak tutmak (listen), kulağına küpe olmak veya etmek (be taught a lesson), murada veya muradına ermek (attain one’s desire), ödü kopmak veya patlamak (almost jump out of one’s skin), ruhunu teslim etmek (give up the ghost), ses vermek (give out a sound), söz almak (get the floor), söz dinlemek veya tutmak (listen to advice), suç işlemek (commit an offece), takati kalmamak veya kesilmek (languish), teselli etmek veya vermek (console), toprağa düşmek (be dead and burried), tuzak kurmak (set a snare), tuzağa düşmek (rise to the bait), uzak düşmek (drift apart), ümidini kesmek (give up hope), ünsiyet peyda etmek (be intimate with smo), velvele kopmak (hammer at), yabancı saymak veya tutmak (cast smo away), yaş akıtmak veya dökmek (cry for), yaşlara boğulmak (break into tears), yerine getirmek (carry out), yol almak (advance), yolu düşmek (happen on), yoluna can veya canını vermek (die for), yüreği yanmak (tear your heart out), yüz çevirmek (turn away from), yüz göstermek (appear), yüzsuyu dökmek (beg for), zuhur etmek (appear).