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Günümüzün Çocukluk ve w Adolesan Çağı Epidemisi: Obezite

TODAY'S EPIDEMIC IN CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENCE: OBESITY

Journal Name:

  • Türkiye Aile Hekimliği Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2007

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
Today, obesit y has increased in all age groups and become an important health issue not only in developed countries but in developing countries as well. The World Health Organization reported in 2005 that, childhood obesity has reached worrisome levels. In addition, the rapid increase in childhood obesity rates among Mediterranean countries was found to be remarkable. Obesity in childhood and adolescence causes chronic diseases such as atherosclerotic heart disease, dyslipidemia, type 2 dia¬betes as well as social and psychological problems. Its prevalence was found to be higher in the low socio-economic class of devel¬oped countries and the high socio-economic class of developing countries. Several environmental, psychological and genetic fac¬tors are associated with obesity. Eating habits, life style, decreased physical activity is considered to be responsible in rapid increase of childhood obesity rather than genetic factors. Prevention is the most important step in obesity management. The primary goal of management plans should be to promote healthy eating habits and life style. Primary care physicians and health workers have an important responsibility to prevent, detect, and manage obesity in childhood and adolescence. In con¬clusion, primary care settings should take the necessary steps and advocate in the community to prevent today's epidemic, child¬hood and adolescence obesity.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Günümüzde, obezite, tüm yaş gruplarında hızla artmış, gelişmiş ülkeler kadar gelişmekte olan ülkelerin de önemli bir sağlık sorunu haline gelmiştir. Dünya Sağlık Örgütü 2005 raporunda, çocukluk çağında, obezitenin endişe verici boyutlara ulaştığı bildirilmiştir. Obezitenin, Akdeniz ülkeleri çocuklarındaki hızlı artışı dikkat çekicidir. Çocukluk ve adolesan çağda görülen obezite, ateroskle-rotik kalp hastalıkları, hiperlipidemi, tip 2 diyabet gibi kronik has¬talıkların yanı sıra bir çok psikolojik ve sosyal soruna da neden olmaktadır. Obezite sıklığı, gelişmiş ülkelerde, düşük sosyo-ekono-mik düzey ile, gelişmekte olan ülkelerde ise yüksek sosyo-ekono-mik düzey ile ilişkilendirilmiştir. Obezite gelişiminde, bir çok çevresel, psikolojik ve genetik faktör rol oynar. Son dönem obezite pre-valansındaki hızlı artıştan, genetik faktörlerden çok kültürel yapı içinde yeme alışkanlıkları, yaşam tarzı, azalmış fiziksel aktivite so¬rumlu tutulmaktadır. Çocukluk çağında obezite yönetiminin en önemli basamağını koruyucu önlemler oluşturur. Yönetim planının ana hedefi sağlıklı yaşam tarzı ve beslenme alışkanlıklarının ka¬zanılmasıdır. Çocuk ve adolesanları obeziteden koruma, obezite geliştiyse, tanıyıp uygun yönetim planı oluşturma konusunda birinci basamak hekimleri ve sağlık çalışanlarına önemli sorumluluk düşmektedir. Sonuç olarak, birinci basamak çalışanları, ciddi koruma stratejileri oluşturarak ve uygulanmasını sağlayarak, günümü¬zün epidemisi, çocukluk çağı obezitesini önleme konusunda ge¬rekli adımların atılmasına öncülük etmelidirler.
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