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Diyet ve Egzersizin Kalp-Damar Hastalıklarından Koruyucu Etkileri İle İlgili Kanıta Dayalı Bilgiler

CURRENT EVIDENCE ABOUT PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF DIET AND EXERCISE AGAINST CORONARY HEART DISEASE

Journal Name:

  • Türkiye Aile Hekimliği Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2003

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
Objective: Coronary heart diseases and their prevention are some of the most favorite topics of recent years . Many ran¬domised controlled trials and cohort studies are conducted to evaluate effects of different factors on cardiovascular health. In this study we aimed to review the current evidence about effect of diet and exercise on coronary heart disease. Method: Cardiology, epidemiology, nutrition and general medicine journals searched thoroughly. A total of 35 papers were reviewed. We gathered the most recent evidence about effects of different diet types, antioxidants and physical exer¬cise. Results: Diets of populations with the longest life-expectancy; such as Mediterennean diet and Japanese diet, were investi¬gated in many aspects. Fish consumption decreases cardio¬vascular mortality. Different trials had been conducted about antioxidants by giving both dietary and as supplements. However results of the trials about beta-carotene, Vitamin E and Vitamin C are controversial. High blood concentrations of folic acid consumption decrease serum homocysteine levels and are associated with low incidence of coronary heart dis¬ease. Reduction of dietary saturated fat intake, decreases serum total cholesterol level by approximately 12%. Physical inactivity is an independent risk factor for cardiovas¬cular disease. Discussion about exercise intensity for cardio¬vascular protection is continuing. Yet, recommended exercise intensity is aerobic exercise at least 30 minutes, three times a week.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Amaç: "Kalp-damar hastalıkları ve bunlardan korunma" günümüzde araştırmacıların en gözde konularından biridir. Çeşitli faktörlerin kalp-damar sağlığı üzerine etkilerini araştıran pek çok geniş çaplı, randomize kontrollü ve kohort çalışma sürdürülmektedir. Bu çalışmada, kalp-damar hastalığı risk faktörleri üzerine diyet ve egzersizin etkisi ile ilgili kanıta dayalı son bilgileri derlemeyi amaçladık. Yöntem: Kardiyoloji, epidemiyoloji, beslenme ve genel tıp ile ilgili dergiler tarandı. Toplam 35 makale gözden geçirildi. Değişik diyet tipleri, vitamin, antioksidanlar ve egzersiz ile ilgili son kanıtlar derlendi. Sonuçlar: Akdeniz diyeti ve Japon diyeti gibi dünyada en uzun yaşam beklentisine sahip toplumların diyetleri incelenmiştir. Balık tüketiminin kalp-damar hastalıklarına bağlı mortaliteyi azalttığı ortaya konmuştur. Antioksidanların gerek diyetle alım miktarının hesaplandığı, gerekse ağızdan verildiği çeşitli çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Ancak çalışmaların beta karoten, E vitamini ve C vitamini ile ilgili bulguları çelişkilidir. Folik asitin serum ho-mosistein düzeyini düşürdüğü ve kalp-damar hastalığı riskini azalttığı gözlenmiştir. Diyette doymuş yağ alımını azaltmak serum total kolesterol düzeyini yaklaşık % 12 oranında düşürmektedir. Fiziksel inaktivite koroner kalp hastalığı için bağımsız bir risk faktörüdür. Kardiyovasküler hastalıklardan korunmak için ge¬reken egzersiz yoğunluğu hakkında tartışmalar sürmektedir ancak halen önerilmekte olan şema; haftada en az 3 gün ve en az 30 dakika süren aerobik egzersizdir.
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  • 2
84-88
  • Turkish

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