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COĞRAFİ YAKINLIK “HALA” ÖNEMLİMİ? YEREL İNOVASYON MODELLERİNDEN ÇOK-YERELLİBİLGİ DİNAMİKLERİNE DÖNÜŞÜM

DOES GEOGRAPHICAL PROXIMITY STILL MATTER? TRANSFORMATION FROMLOCAL INNOVATION MODELS TO MULTI-LOCATIONAL KNOWLEDGE DYNAMICS

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Abstract (2. Language): 
Especially during the last 15-20 years,economists,economic geographers and plannersdealing with regional developmenthavedevoted the large portion of their time toseeking a"new" model.The concepts which are developed inregionaldevelopment focus on geographic proximity as a pioneering factor of innovation.However,“new” theories highlight the increased mobility of knowledge and the transfer of knowledge between long-distance places.Therefore,in addition to intra-regional networks,long distance and inter-regionalNetworks have also played a critical role. In this study,the increasing importance of innovation-knowledge economy and the growing literature on network theory will be discussed. Firstly, the conceptsof industrial zones, innovative environment, clusters, regional innovation systems and learning regions which can be defined as"Territorial Innovation Models" will be examined. Then, whether the “geographical” proximity isstill important will be discussed in parallel with the transformations of innovation, knowledge and regional development and long distance interactions will be mentioned in terms of the new theories.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Özellikle son 15-20 yıldır, bölgesel kalkınma ile uğraşan iktisatçılar, ekonomik coğrafyacılar, planlamacılar zamanlarının büyük bir kısmınıbölgesel kalkınma konusunda “yeni” bir model arayışına adamışlardır. Bölgesel kalkınma konusunda geliştirilen kavramlar; yenilikçiliğin öncü faktörü olarak coğrafi yakınlığa odaklanmaktadır. Ortaya çıkan yeni teoriler ise; bilginin günümüzde artan hareketliliğine ve uzun mesafeler arasında da transfer edilebildiğine vurgu yapmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, bölge-içi networklerin yanısıra, yerele-mekâna bağlıolmayan bölge-dışıve bölgeler-arasınetworkler de kritik rol oynamaktadır. Bu çalışmada, inovasyon-bilgi ekonomisi literatüründe giderek önemi artan network teorisi ele alınacaktır. Çalışmada öncelikle geleneksel “Mekânsal İnovasyon Modelleri” olarak adlandırılabilecek endüstriyel bölge, yenilikçi çevre, kümelenmeler, bölgesel inovasyon sistemleri ve öğrenen bölge kavramlarıele alınacaktır. Ardından, günümüzde inovasyon, bilgi ekonomisi ve bölgesel kalkınma konusunda dönüşümler doğrultusunda, “coğrafi” yakınlığın hala önemli olup olmadığıtartışılacak ve uzak mesafeli etkileşimler, yeni teoriler bağlamında ele alınacaktır.
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