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ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİNDE SPORUN KEMİK MİNERAL YOĞUNLUĞU (KMY) ÜZERİNDEKİ ETKİSİ

THE EFFECT OF SPORT ON BONE MİNERAL DENSITY İN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

Journal Name:

  • Uluslararası İnsan Bilimleri Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2005

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Keywords (Original Language):

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Abstract (2. Language): 
In the present study, we investigated the effect of exercise on bone mineral density (BMD) and whether there are differences among the effects of different sports (running, basketball, handball, volleyball, soccer and wrestling) BMD. This study was carried out on 110 athletes (70 males and 40 females) and 20 sedentary subjects (10 males and 10 females) aged between 18 and 25. None of the subjects were alcoholic or drug user, had any bone disease or were using steroids. BMD measurements were made on 5 regions (lumbar spine, right femur, left femur, right forearm and left forearm) with dual energy x-ray absorbtiometry. Student s t test was used in statistical analysis. Lumbar spine, right femur and left femur BMD's of both male andfemale athletes were found significantly greater than those of the sedentary males and females respectively. BMD values of lumbar spine and both femurs all the male branches, of both forearms of the wrestlers and football players and of left forearm of the male handball players were significantly higher than those of the sedentary subjects. In females, BMD values of lumbar spine, both femurs and left forearms of the basketball players, of lumbar spine, left femur and left forearm of the handball players, lumbar spine and both femurs of the volleyball players, and both femurs of the athletes were greater than those of the sedentary females. In male athletes, all BMD values of the wrestlers, right femur, right forearm and left forearm BMD values of the football players, and right and left forearms BMD values of the handball players were found significantly higher than those of the runners. Left femur and both forearms BMD' s of the wrestlers and right and left forearms BMD's of the football players were greater than those of the basketball players. In addition, left forearm BMD of the wrestlers were found greater than that of the volleyball players. Lumbar spine and left femur BMD' s of the female volleyball players were significantly greater than those of the female basketball players. The differences between running and the other branches in male athletes were not reported in females. Female runners have been exercising more frequent and regular than otherfemale athletes. This results have showed that exercise, especially impact, and regular and continuous, have significant effect on BMD.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Bu çalışmada, sporun kemik mineral yoğunluğu (KMY) üzerindeki etkisini ve farklı sporların (atletizm, basketbol, hentbol, voleybol, futbol ve güreş) KMY üzerindeki etkileri arasında fark olup olmadığını araştırdık. Bu çalışma, 18 ile 25 yaşları arasındaki 110 spor eğitimi alan öğrenci (70 erkek ve 40 bayan) ve 20 sedanterde (10 erkek ve 10 bayan) gerçekleştirildi. Deneklerin hiçbirinde alkol ve uyuşturucu madde bağımlılığı, kemik hastalığı ve steroid ilaç öyküsü yoktu. KMY ölçümleri, dual energy x-ray absorbtiometri yöntemi ile beş bölgede (bel omurgası, sağ femur, sol femur, sağ ön kol, sol ön kol) yapıldı. İstatistiksel analizler için Student's t testi uygulandı. Hem erkek hem de bayan sporcuların bel omurgası, sağfemur ve sol femur KMY' leri sırasıyla erkek ve bayan sedanterlerinkinden anlamlı olarak büyük bulundu. Tüm erkek branş gruplarının bel omurgası, sağ femur ve sol femur, güreşçi ve futbolcuların her iki ön kol ve hentbolcu erkeklerin sol ön kol KMY değerleri erkek sedanterlerinkinden anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti. Bayanlarda basketbolcuların bel omurgası, her iki femur ve sol ön kol, hentbolcuların bel omurgası, sol femur ve sol ön kol, voleybolcuların bel omurgası ve her iki femur ve atletlerin her iki femur KMY değerleri bayan sedanterlerinkinden daha büyüktü. Erkek sporcularda güreşçilerin tüm bölgelerdeki, futbolcuların sağ femur, sağ ön kol ve sol ön kol ve hentbolcuların sağ ve sol ön kol KMY değerleri atletlerinkinden anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu. Güreşçilerin sol femur ve her iki ön kol ve futbolcuların sağ ve sol ön kol KMY' leri basketbolcuların değerlerinden büyüktü. Ayrıca, güreşçilerin sol ön kol KMY' si futbolcu ve voleybolcularınkinden büyük bulundu. Bayanlarda voleybolcuların bel omurgası ve sol femurKMY' leri basketbolcularınkinden anlamlı olarak büyüktü. Erkek sporcularda diğer branşlarla atletler arasında ortaya çıkan farklar bayanlarda görülmedi. Bayan atletler diğer branşlardaki bayan sporculara göre daha sık ve düzenli antrenman yapmaktaydı. Bu bulgular sporun, özellikle yük bindirici ve düzenli ve sürekli olmak şartıyla, KMY üzerinde önemli etkiye sahip olduğunu göstermektedir
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