Buradasınız

GÜL DEVRİMİ SONRASINDA EKONOMİK DEĞİŞİM VE KALKINMA: MİHAİL SAAKAŞVİLİ’NİN OTORİTESİNİ SAĞLAMLAŞTIRAN BİR ETKEN

ECONOMIC CHANGE AND DEVELOPMENT IN GEORGIA AFTER THE ROSE REVOLUTION: A BOOST TO THE MIKHEIL SAAKASHVILI’S CONSOLIDATION OF AUTHORITY

Journal Name:

Publication Year:

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
This article examines the economic change and development in Georgia after the Rose Revolution and analyzes its impact on the Georgian president Mikheil Saakashvili’s struggle for remaining in power. It also explores the periods of Zviad Gamsakhurdia and Eduard Shevardnadze, the first and second president of Georgia, respectively. The article discusses how Gamsakhurdia’s policies prepared the ground for the emergence of complex problems that would result in weakening of Georgian state in many fields including economy besides bringing about his own removal from power. It lastly puts forward that whereas economic hardship motivated the masses to rise against Shevardnadze in the framework of Rose Revolution, economic development and improved life standards resulted in sustained support for Saakashvili and strengthened his hand against the opposition.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Bu makale Gül Devrimi sonrasında Gürcistan’da ekonomik değişim ve kalkınmayı incelemekte ve bunun Gürcü Devlet Başkanı Mihail Saakaşvili’nin görevde kalma çabasına katkısını analiz etmektedir. Makale aynı zamanda, Gürcistan’ın sırasıyla ilk ve ikinci devlet başkanları olan Zviad Gamsakurdiya ve Eduard Şevardnadze dönemlerini de incelemektedir. Bu çalışma, Gamsakurdiya’nın çeşitli alanlardaki politikalarının karmaşık sorunlar yaratarak kendi sonunu hazırlamak dışında, aynı zamanda devletin ekonomiyi de kapsayan değişik alanlarda zayıflamasına neden olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Makale son olarak, ekonomik sorunların Gürcü halkını Gül Devrimi çerçevesinde Şevardnadze’ye karşı ayaklanmaya sevkeden önemli bir neden olduğuna ışık tuttuktan sonra, Gül Devrimi sonrasındaki ekonomik değişim ve iyileşmenin Saakaşvili’ye halk desteğini artırarak O’nu muhalefete karşı güçlü bir konumda olmasını sağladığının altını çizmektedir.
35-50

REFERENCES

References: 

Areshidze, Irakly (2007), Democracy and Autocracy in Eurasia: Georgia in Transition, Michigan University Pres, Michigan.
Baev K., Pavel (2003), “Civil Wars in Georgia: Corruption Breeds Violence”, Potentials of Disorder, (Eds. Jan Koehler and Christoph Zürcher) Manchester University Press, Manchester, 134-136.
Chiaberashvili, Zurab and Gigi Tevzadze (2005), “Power Elites in Georgia: Old and New”, From Revolution to Reform: Georgia’s Struggle with Democratic Institution Building and Security Sector Reform, (Eds. Philipp H. Fluri and Eden Cole), Bureau for Security Policy at the Austrian Ministry of Defense and Geneva Centre for the Democratic Control of Armed Forces, Vienna and Geneva, 187-207.
Chipashvili, David (2007), After the Rose Revolution-Trends of Economic Development and Its Impact on Georgia, CEE Bankwatch Network, Tbilisi.
Christophe, Barbara (2004), Understanding Politics in Georgia, DEMSTAR Research Report No. 22, Aarhus.
Civil Georgia Newspaper (2005), “President Says Education Reform to Boost Social Justice”, 25 September, www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=10823, (Lastly accessed on 30 March 2009).
Civil Georgia Newspaper (2009), “Saakashvili Pledges More Democratic Reforms”, 21 July, http://www.civil.ge/eng/article.php?id=21262&search=Saakashvili %20Pledges%20More%20Democratic%20Reforms, (Lastly accessed on 29 December 2010).
Dadalauri, Nina (2005), Political Corruption: the Case of Georgia, Transnational Crime and Corruption Center Caucasus Office, Tbilisi.
Devdariani, Jaba (2004), “Georgia: Rise and Fall of the Façade Democracy”, Demokratizatsiya, Vol. 12, No. 1, 79-115.
Dolidze, Valerian (2007), “The Regime and the „Revolution‟ in Post-Soviet Georgia”, Central Asia and the Caucasus, No. 2, 30-41.
Fuller, Elizabeth (1990), “Zviad Gamsakhurdia Proposes Abolition of Adzhar Autonomy”, Report on the USSR, Vol. 2, No. 48, 13-14.
Gegeshidze, Archil (2002), Georgia: In Quest of a Niche Strategy, The Quarterly Journal, No.3, 3-12.Georgian Daily Newspaper (2010), “Saakashvili's Party Sweeps Georgia Local Elections”, 2 June, http://georgiandaily.com/index.php?option=com_ content&task=view&id=18803&Itemid=68, (Lastly accessed on 29 December 2010).
Goldenberg, Susanne (1994), Pride of Small Nations: the Caucasus and Post-Soviet Disorder, Zed Books, London.
International Crisis Group (2008), Georgia: The Risks of Winter, International Crisis Group Europe Briefing, No. 51, Tbilisi/Brussels.
Jawad, Pamela (2006), Diversity, Conflict, and State Failure: Chances and Challenges for Democratic Consolidation in Georgia after the Rose Revolution, Cornell University Peace Studies Program Occasional Paper, Vol. 30, No. 3, New York.
Jones, Stephen F. (1996), “Adventurers or Commanders? Civil Military Relations in Georgia since Independence”, Civil-Military Relations in the Soviet and Yugoslav Successor States, (Eds. Costantine P. Danopoulos and Daniel Zirker), Westview Press, Boulder and Oxford, 35-53.
Jones, Stephen F. (2000), “Democracy from Below? Interest Groups in Georgian Society”, Slavic Review, Vol. 59, No. 1, 42-73.
Jones, Stephen F. (2006), “The Rose Revolution: A Revolution without Revolutionaries?”, Cambridge Review of International Affairs, Vol. 19, No 1, 33-48.
Hale, Henry E. (1999), “Independence and Integration in the Caspian Basin”, SAIS Review, 163-189.
Huber, Martina (2004), State-Building in Georgia: Unfinished and at Risk?, Netherlands Institute of International Relations, the Hague.
Kakabadze, Irakli Z. (2005), Inside the Revolution of Roses, The Institute of Multi-Track Diplomacy Occasional Paper, No. 15, Tbilisi.
Khaduri, Nodar (2005), “Mistakes Made in Conducting Economic Reforms in Post-Communist Georgia”, Problems of Economic Transition, Vol. 48, No. 4, 18-29.
Khechinashvili, Devi (2005), Georgia After the Rose Revolution: An Opportunity Lost?, Center for International Private Enterprise, Washington.
Kikabidze, Koba and David Losaberidze (2000), Institutionalism and Clientelism in Georgia, UNDP, Tbilisi.
King, Charles (2001), “Potemkin Democracy: Four Myths about Post-Soviet Georgia”, The National Interest, No. 64, 93-104.
Kulick Jonathan and Temuri Yakobashvili (2008), “Georgia and the Wider Black Sea”, The Wider Black Sea Region in the 21st Century: Strategic, Economic and Energy Perspectives (Eds. Daniel Hamilton and Gerhard Mangott), Center for Transatlantic Relations, Washington, 23-53.Laverty, Nicklaus (2008), “The Problem of Lasting Change: Civil Society and the Color Revolutions in Georgia and Ukraine”, Demokratizatsiya: The Journal of Post-Soviet Democratization, Vol. 16, No 2, 143-162.
MacFarlane, S. Neil (1997), “Democratization, Nationalism and Regional Security in the Southern Caucasus”, Government and Opposition, Vol. 32, No. 3, 399-420.
Muskhelishvili, Marina and Akhvlediani Anna (2003), “Democratization against the Background of Economic Transformation”, International Institute for Democracy and Electoral Assistance (IDEA), Democratization in Georgia: Economic Transformation and Social Security, IDEA, Stockholm, 8-15.
Muskhelishvili, Marina and Gia Jorjoliani (2009), “Georgia's Ongoing Struggle for a Better Future Continued: Democracy Promotion through Civil Society Development”, Democratization, Vol. 16, No. 4, 682-708.
Nodia, Ghia (2005), “Dynamics and Sustainability of the Rose Revolution”, Democratisation in the European Neighbourhood, (Eds. Senem Aydın and Michael Emerson), Centre for European Policy Studies, Brussels, 38-53.
Papava, Vladimer (2005), “Georgia‟s Macroeconomic Situation Before and After the Rose Revolution”, Problems of Economic Transition, Vol. 48, No. 4, 8-17.
Papava Vladimer (2006), “The Political Economy of Georgia‟s Rose Revolution”, Orbis: A Journal of World Affairs, Vol. 50, No. 4, 657-667.
Slider, Darrell (1997), “Democratization in Georgia”, Conflict, Cleavage and Change in Central Asia and the Caucasus, (Eds. Bruce Parrott and Karen Dawisha), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 156-201.
Suny, Ronald Grigor (1994), The Making of the Georgian Nation, Indiana University Press, Bloomington and Indianapolis.
Tatum, Jesse David (1999), “Democratic Transition in Georgia: Post-Rose Revolution Internal Pressures on Leadership”, Caucasian Review Of International Affairs, Vol. 3, No. 2, 156-171.
Tchiaberashvili, Zurab (2001), “The Georgian October Revolution”, Central Asia-Caucasus Analyst, 21 November, http://www.cacianalyst.org/?q=node/162 (Lastly accessed on 19 November 2009).
Thomas, Edward G. (2006), “When Sugar Cane Grows in the Snow: Ethno-Nationalist Politics and the Collapse of the Georgian State”, Undercurrent, Vol. 3, No. 1, 53-64.
Tsepliaeva, Julia (2008), “Georgia: Roses and Thorns”, Merrill Lynch, 1-12.
Wheatley, Jonathan (2005), Georgia from National Awakening to Rose Revolution: Delayed Transition in the Former Soviet Union, Ashgate, Hampshire and Burlington.
Wertsch, James V. (2005), “Georgia as a Laboratory for Democracy”, Demokratizatsiya: The Journal of Post-Soviet Democratization, Vol. 13, No. 4, 519-536.World Bank (2009), Georgia Brief, http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/ COUNTRIESECAEXT/GEORGIAEXTN/0,,menuPK:301755~pagePK:141132~piPK:141107~theSitePK:301746,00.html, (Lastly accessed on 8 May 2009).
Zürcher, Christoph (2005), “Georgia‟s Time of Troubles”, Statehood and Security: Georgia after the Rose Revolution, (Eds. Bruno Coppieters and Robert Legvold), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 83-115.
Zverev, Alexei (1996), “Ethnic Conflicts in the Caucasus 1988-1994”, Contested Borders in the Caucasus, (Ed. Bruno Coppieters), VUB Press, Brussels, 13-71.

Thank you for copying data from http://www.arastirmax.com