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Role of microRNA in liver disease

Journal Name:

  • Indian Journal of Basic & Applied Medical Research

Publication Year:

  • 2014

Key Words:

Author NameUniversity of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
MicroRNAs are 20-22 nucleotides long noncoding RNAs that were first described in 1993, in developmental timing experiment in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. MicroRNA play an important role in miscellaneous cellular process including development, immunity, cell-cycle control metabolism, viral or bacterial disease, stem cell differenation and oncogenesis. In the human the first indication of microRNA contributing to disease came from the identification of person suffering from Digeorge syndrome which result in dysfunction microRNA biogenesis. MicroRNAs play an important role in liver disease. The physiological important of metabolic pathways, immunity, viral hepatitis, cancer, and liver fibrosis. Micro RNA biogenesis has been well characterized and basically consists of 6 steps: transcription, cleavage, export, further cleavage, strand selection, and interaction with target messenger RNAs. In the hepatitis C up regulation of miR-296, miR-351, and miR-155 and down regulation of miR-221,miR-222, and miR-181.[8,9] In the hepatitis B up regulation of miR-373, miR-370, and miR532 and down regulation miR-122, miR-223, miR-29, miR-199, and miR-198.[8] In the non-alcoholic fatty liver and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis up regulation of miR-155, miR-34, miR-146, and miR-200 and down regulation of miR-122, miR-617,and miR- 451.[6,10-12] In the alcoholic liver disease up regulation of miR-155, miR-705, miR-224, and miR-212 and down regulation of miR-182, miR-183, and miR-199.[13] In the liver fibrosis up regulation of miR-199a, miR-200, miR-21, miR-223, and miR-34 and down regulation of miR-29 family, miR-122, miR-146a, miR-15b, miR-150,and miR-194.
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