You are here

Türk ve İngiliz Üniversite Öğrencilerinin Psikolojik İyi Oluş Duygusal Farkındalık ve Duygularını İfade Etmelerinin Ülke ve Cinsiyet Değişkenlerine Göre İncelenmesi

Investigation of Psychological Well-Being Emotional Awareness and Expression of Emotion of Turkish and English University Students with Respect to Country and Gender

Journal Name:

Publication Year:

Author NameUniversity of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
The aim of this study is Turkish and English university students' psychological well-being, emotional awareness and expression of emotions of how differ according to gender and to the country. The research is a descriptive study. The Turkish group of the research was 349 Turkish university students educated at Gazi University in 2010-2011. The English group was 251 English university students. 229 of these students were from University College of London, University of London or Middelesex University in 2010-2011; 19 of these students wereparticipated in the online research which was addressed as www.mediko.gazi.edu.tr/survey. Toronto-Alexithymia 20 Scale (Bagby, Parker and Taylor, 1994; Beştepe, 1997), Psychological well-being Scale (Ryff,1989; Cenkseven, 2004), and Personal Information Form were used to collect data. Multi analysis of variance (MANOVA) and t test were used for analysis. The results of the research showed that psychological well-being, emotional awareness and expression of emotions of Turkish university students was lower than the English students. The results were evaluated in terms of literature and institutional prospect; the suggestions were made by considering the future research and practical implication for counseling services.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Bu araştırmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinin psikolojik iyi oluş, duygusal farkındalık ve duyguları ifade etme puanlarının ülke ve cinsiyete göre nasıl farklılık gösterdiğini incelemektir. Çalışma grubu Türk ve İngiliz üniversite öğrencilerinden oluşturulmuştur. Türk öğrenciler 2010–2011 öğretim yılında Gazi Üniversitesi’nde öğrenim gören öğrenciler arasından seçilen 349 kişidir. Yabancı uyruklu öğrenciler araştırmaya dâhil edilmemiştir. Çalışma grubundaki İngiliz öğrenci sayısı 251’dir. İngiliz öğrencilerden 229’u 2010–2011 öğretim yılında Londra Kolej Üniversitesi, Londra Üniversitesi ve Middelesex Üniversitesi’nde öğrenim gören öğrenciler; 19’u www.mediko.gazi.edu.tr/survey adresinden araştırmaya katılan öğrencilerdir. Veri toplama araçları olarak Toronto Aleksitimi-20 ölçeği (Bagby, Parker ve Taylor, 1994; Beştepe, 1997), Psikolojik İyi Oluş Ölçeği (Ryff, 1989; Cenkseven, 2004) ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizinde çoklu varyans analizi (MANOVA) ve t testi kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda, Türk üniversite öğrencilerinin psikolojik iyi oluş, duygusal farkındalık ve duyguları ifade etme düzeyi İngiliz öğrencilere göre daha düşük bulunmuştur. Bu ve diğer sonuçlar literatür ışığında tartışılmış, sonraki araştırmalara, rehberlik ve psikolojik danışma uygulamasına yönelik önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
FULL TEXT (PDF): 
1-24

REFERENCES

References: 

Adejune, A. (2010). The need for cultural contextualisation in establishing
psychological wellness or ilness. I. Wells (Eds.), Psychological weell-being
(pp.213-221).
Arıcı, F. (2011). Üniversite öğrencilerinde toplumsal cinsiyet rollerine ilişkin algılar
ve psikolojik iyi oluş. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek lisans Tezi, Hacettepe
Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Ankara.
Aydemir, A. (2010). Çocuk ve ergenlerde obezite, depresyon ve aleksitimi
arasındaki ilişki. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek lisans Tezi, Maltepe
Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü İstanbul.
Bağcı, T. (2008). Üniversite öğrencilerinin aleksitimi düzeylerinin bazı değişkenlere
göre incelenmesi (Gazi Üniversitesi, Gazi Eğitim Fakültesi Örneği).
Yayımlanmamış Yüksek lisans Tezi. Gazi Üniversitesi, Eğitim Bilimleri
Enstitüsü, Ankara.
Boden, M. T. & Berenbaum, H. (2007). Emotional awareness, gender, and
suspiciousness. Cognition & Emotion 21(2), 268-280.
Cenkseven, F. (2004). Üniversite öğrencilerinde öznel ve psikolojik iyi olmanın
yordayıcılarının incelenmesi, Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Çukurova
Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Adana.
Cenkseven, F. & Akbaş, T. (2007). Üniversite öğrencilerinde öznel ve psikolojik iyi
olmanın yordayıcılarının incelenmesi. Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve
Rehberlik Dergisi, 27(3), 43-65.
Ciarrochi, J. & Scott, G. (2007). The link between emotional competence and wellbeing:
A longitudinal study. British Journal of Guidance & Counselling,
34(2), 231-243.
Chen, G. M. (1993). Self disclosure and Assian student's abilities to cope with social
difficulties in the United States. Journal of Psychology, 127 (6), 108-119.
Christopher, J. C. (1992). The role of individualism in psychological well-being:
Exploring the interplay of ideology, culture, and social science.
Dissertation for the degree of doctor of philosophy, The University of
Texas, Austin-USA.
Christopher, J. C. (1999). Stituating psychological well-being. Journal Of
Counseling And Development, 77, 141-152.
Cirhinlioğlu, F.G. (2006). Üniversite öğrencilerinde utanç eğilimi, dini yönelimler,
benlik kurguları ve psikolojik iyilik hali arasındaki ilişkiler,
Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler
Enstitüsü, Ankara.
Cooper, H., Okamura, L. & McNeil, P. (1995). Situation and personality correlats of
psychological well-being: Social activity and personal control. Journal of
Research in Personality, 29, 395-417.
Çeçen, R. (2002). Duyguları yönetme becerileri eğitimi programının öğretmen
adaylarının duyguları yönetme becerileri üzerindeki etkisi, Yayımlanmamış
Doktora Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Adana.
B. Kuyumcu / EÜ Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(2),(2012), 1-24
19
Dinnel, D., Kleinknecht, R. & Matsumi, T. (2002). A cross-cultural comparison of
social phobia symptoms. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral
Assessment, 24 (2), 75-84.
Elfenbein, H., Beaupré, M., Lévesque, M. & Hess, U. (2007). Toward a dialect
theory: Cultural differences in the expression and recognition of posed
facial expressions. Emotion, 7(1), 131-146.
Ersoy, E. (2009). Cinsiyet kültürü içerisinde kadın ve erkek kimliği. Fırat
Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 19 (2), 209-230.
Gilligan, C. (1993). In a different voice: Psychological theory and women's
development. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Göregenli, M. (1995). Kültürümüz açısından bireycilik-toplulukçuluk eğilimleri: Bir
başlangıç çalışması. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 10(35), 1-14.
Güleç, H., Köse, S., Güleç, M., Çitak, S., Evren, C., Borckardt, J. & Sayar, K.
(2009). Reliability and factorial validity of the Turkish version 20-item
Toronto alexithymia scale (TAS-20). Bulletin of Clinical
Psychopharmacology, 19, 214-220.
Güvenç, B. (1985). Kültür konusu ve sorunlarımız. (2. Baskı). Ankara: Remzi
Kitapevi.
Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences: International differences in workrelated
values. Beverly Hills, CA.
Hori, M. (2010). Gender differences and cultural contexts: psychological well-being
in cross-national perspective. Dissertation fort the degree of doctor of
philosophy, Louisiana State University, Louisiana, USA.
İmamoğlu, O. (1998). Individualism and collectivism in a model and scale of
balanced differentiation and integration. Journal of Psychology, 132 (1), 95-
105.
Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (1998). Kültürel psikoloji: Kültür bağlamında insan ve aile. İstanbul:
Evrim Yayınevi.
Kağıtçıbaşı, Ç. (2010). Benlik, aile ve insan gelişimi kültürel psikoloji. İstanbul: Koç
Üniversitesi Yayınları.
Kang, S. M., Shaver, P. R., Min, K. H. & Jing, H. (2003). Culture-specific patterns
in the prediction of life satisfaction: Roles of emotion, relationship quality,
and self- esteem. Personality and Social Psychology, 29 (12), 1596-1608.
Karasar, N. (1995). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemi. (7. Basım). Ankara: 3A Araştırma
Eğitim Danışmanlık.
Kennedy-Moore, E. & Watson, J. C. (2001). How and when does emotional
expression help? Review of General Psychology, 5 (3), 187-212.
Keyes, C. L. M., Shmotkin, D. & Ryff, C. D. (2002). Optimizing well-being: The
emprical encounter of two traditions. Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 82 (6), 1007-1022.
Kim, Y., Kasser, T. & Lee, H. (2003). Self concept, aspirations, and well-being in
South Korea and United States. The Journal of Social Psychology, 143 (3),
277-281.
B. Kuyumcu / EÜ Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(2),(2012), 1-24
20
King, L. A. & Emmons, R. A. (1990). Conflict over emotional expression:
Psychological and psysical correlates. Journal of Personality and Social
Psychology, 58 (5), 64-877.
Kirkcoldy, B., Furnham, A.F. & Siefen, R.G. (2010). The effects of gender on
physical and psychological well-being and life satisfaction among an adult
population. International Journal of Child Health and Human Development,
3(3), 307-320.
Kitayama, S. Markus, H. R. & Kurokawa, M. (2000). Culture, emotion and wellbeing:
Good feelings in Japan and United States. Cognition & Emotion,
14, 93-124.
Kitayama, S., Markus, H. & Matsumoto, H. (1995). Culture, self, and emotion: A
cultural perspective on "self-conscious" emotions. Tangney, June Price (Ed);
Fischer, Kurt W. (Ed). Self-conscious emotions: The psychology of shame,
guilt, embarrassment, and pride. (pp. 439-464).
Kuzucu, Y. (2005). Duyguları fark etmeye ve ifade etmeye yönelik bir psiko-eğitim
programının, üniversite öğrencilerinin duygusal farkındalık düzeylerine,
duyguları ifade etme eğilimlerine psikolojik ve öznel iyi oluşlarına etkisi,
Yayımlanmış Doktora Tezi, Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Enstitüsü,
Ankara.
Lane, R. D. (2000). Levels of emotional awareness. In R. Bar-On & J. D. A. Parker
(Eds.), The handbook of emotional intelligence: Theory, development,
assessment, and application at home, school, and in the workplace. San
Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
Lane, R. D. & Schwartz, G. E. (1987). Levels of emotional awareness: A cognitivedevelopmental
theory and its application to psychopathology. American
Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 133-143.
Lane, R. D., Quinlan, D. M., Schawartz, G. E., Walker, P. A. & Zeitlin, S. B.
(1990). The levels of emotional awareness scale: A cognitive developmental
measure of emotion. Journal of Personality and Assessment, 55 (1/2), 124-
134.
Lazarus, R.S. (1982). Thoughts on the relation between emotion and cognition.
American Psychologist, 37, 1019-1024.
Lundh, L. G., Johnsson, A., Sundqvist, K. & Olsson, H. (2002). Alexithymia,
memory of emotion, emotional awareness, and perfectionism. Emotion, 2 (4),
361-379.
Markus, H. R. & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for
cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224-253.
Matsumoto, D. (1991). Cultural influences on facial expressions of emotion.
Southern Communication Journal, 56, 128-137.
Matsumoto, D. & Kupperbusch, C. (2001). Idiocentric and allocentric differences in
emotional expression, experience, and the coherence between expression and
experience. Asian Journal of Social Psychology, 4 (2), 113–131.
Mesquita, B. (2001). Emotion in collectivist and individualist contexts. Journal of
Personality and Social Psychology, 80(1), 68-74.
B. Kuyumcu / EÜ Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(2),(2012), 1-24
21
Mesquita, B. & Frijda, N. H. (1992). Cultural variations in emotions: A review.
Psychological Bulletin, 98, 224-253.
Moscovitch, D.A., Hofmann, S.G. & Litz, B.T. (2005). The impact of selfconstruals
on social anxiety: A gender specific interaction. Personality and
Individual Differences, 38(3), 659-672.
Norasakkunkit, V. & Kalick, S. M. (2002). Culture, ethnicity, and emotional distress
measures: The role of self-construal and self enhancement. Journal of Cross-
Cultural Psychology, 33, 56-70.
Okazaki, S. (1997). Sources of ethnic differences between Asian American and
White American college students on measures of depression and social
anxiety. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 106, 52-60.
Oyserman, D., Coon, H. & Kemmelmeier, M. (2002). Rethinking individualism and
collectivism: Evaluation of theoretical assumptions and meta-analyses.
Psychological Bulletin, 128(1), 3-72.
Pennebaker, J. W. (1995). Emotion, disclosure, and health: An overview. In J. W.
Pennebaker (Ed.), Emotion, disclosure, and health. Washington, D.C.:
American Psychological Association.
Ryff, C. D. (1989). Happiness is everyting, or is it? Explorations on the meaning of
psychological well-being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology,
57(6), 1069-1081.
Ryff, C.D. (1995). Psychological well-being in adult life. Current Directions in
Psychological Science, 4(4), 99-106. Ryff, C.D.,& Keyes, C.L.M. (1995).
The structure o psychological well-being revisited. Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology, 69(4), 719-727.
Ryff, C.D., Lee, Y.H. & Na, K.C. (1993). Through the lens of culture: Pychological
well-being at midlife. University of Wisconsin Press, Madison.
Ryff, C. D. & Singer, B. (1996). Psychological well-being: Meaning, measurent, and
implication for psychotherapy research. Psychotherapy and Psychosomotics,
65, 14-23.
Ryff, C.D. & Singer, B. (2008). Know thyself and become what you are: A
eudaimonic approach to psychological well-being. Journal of Happiness
Studies, 9, 13-39.
Shields, S. A. (1995). The role of emotions belief and values in gender development.
Review of Personality and Social Psychology, 15, 212-232.
Singelis, T. M. (1994). The measurement of independent and interdependent selfconstruals.
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 20, 1994: 580-591.
Solomon, R. C. (2007). True to our feelings: What emotions are really telling us.
New York: Oxford University Press.
Stephan, G., Stephan, W. & De Vargas, C. (1996). Emotional expression in Costa
Rica and the United States. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 27(2),
147-160.
Triandis, H.C., (1994). Theoretical and Methodological Approaches to the Study of
Collectivizm and Individualism. In U. Kim, H.C. Triandis, Ç. Kağıtçıbaşı,
S.C. Choi, G. Yoon (Eds.), Individualism and collectivism (pp.41-52).
London: Sage publication.
B. Kuyumcu / EÜ Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(2),(2012), 1-24
22
Triandis, H.C. (2001). Individualism-collectivism. Journal of Personality, 69 (6),
907-924.
Uskul, A.K., Hynie, M. & Lalonde, R. N. (2004). Interdependence as a mediator
between culture and interpersonal closeness for Euro–Canadians and Turks.
Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 35, 174-191.
Wester, S., Vogel, D., Pressly, P. & Heesacker, M. (2002). Sex implications for
counseling psychology. The Counseling Psychologist, 30(4), 630-652.
Wismeijer, A., Van Assen, M, Sijtsma, K. & Vingerhoets, A. (2009). Is the negative
association between self-concealment and subjective well-being mediated by
mood awareness? Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 28(6), 728-748.

Thank you for copying data from http://www.arastirmax.com