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Kümelenme Teorisi: Kavramsal Bir Çerçeve

Development of Cluster Theory-A Conceptual Framework

Journal Name:

  • Eskişehir Osmangazi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2014

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Keywords (Original Language):

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Abstract (2. Language): 
Although the industry clusters drew researchers' attention after 1990s with Michael E. Porter, actually it was based on much older various theories. The aim of this study is examining development of cluster theory by discussing older theories which contribute to the current cluster theory. First developed theories like Traditional Place and Agglomeration and Industrial District mostly stressed geographic concentration which is essential for clustering. Then, Italian Industry District and Creative Milieu, New Industrial Spaces, and New Economic Geography Theories emphasized social relationship between members unlike their predecessors. As a result, it can be said that cluster theory which is associated with Porter in nowadays is largely based on the previous theories. However, it is important to note Porter's valuable contributions to cluster theory. The Learning Regions and Regional Innovation Systems theories both involves other theories and highlights innovation
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Kümelenme kavramı araştırmacıların ilgisini daha çok 1990'lardan itibaren Michael E. Porter ile çekmiş olsa da kavramın kökleri çok daha eskiye dayanmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı kümelenme teorisinin bugünkü haline gelmesine katkı yaptıkları düşünülen teorileri ele alarak kümelenme teorisinin gelişimini incelemektir. Geleneksel Konum ve Yığılma Teorileri ile Endüstriyel Bölge gibi geliştirilen ilk teoriler daha çok kümelenmenin de temeli olan coğrafik yığılmaya vurgu yapmışlardır. Sonrasında İtalyan Sanayi Bölgeleri ve Yenilikçi Çevreler, Yeni Sanayi Odakları ve Yeni Ekonomik Coğrafya teorileri öncekilerden farklı olarak üyeler arasındaki sosyal ilişkiler üzerinde de durmuşlardır. Sonuç olarak günümüzde Porter ile özdeşleştirilen kümelenme teorisinin büyük oranda önceki teorilere dayandığı söylenebilir. Ancak burada Porter'ın değerli katkılarını göz ardı etmek imkânsızdır. Bölgesel İnovasyon Sistemleri ve Öğrenen Bölgeler teorileri ise diğerlerini kapsamakla beraber inovasyonu öne çıkarmaktadır.
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