Clinical Trials in the Therapeutic Application of Embryonic and Adult Stem Cells for Cardiovascular Disease

[1] Mountford, J. C. “Human embryonic stem cells: origins, characteristics and potential for regenerative therapy.”
Transfusion Medicine Vol. 18, No. 1, 2008, pp. 1-12.
[2] Thomson, James A., et al. “Embryonic stem cell lines derived from human blastocysts.” Science Vol. 282, No.
5391, 1998, pp. 1145-47.
[3] Reynolds, Brent A., and Samuel Weiss. “Generation of neurons and astrocytes from isolated cells of the adult
mammalian central nervous system.” Science Vol. 255, No. 5052, 1992, pp. 1707-10.
[4] Rumman, Mohammad, Jyotsna Dhawan, and Moustapha Kassem. “Concise review: quiescence in adult stem
cells: biological significance and relevance to tissue regeneration.” Stem Cells Vol. 33, No. 10, 2015, pp. 2903-12.
[5] Spradling, Allan, et al. “Germline stem cells.” Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology Vol. 3, No. 11, 2011,
p. a002642.
[6] Visvader, Jane E., and John Stingl. “Mammary stem cells and the differentiation hierarchy: current status and
perspectives.” Genes & Development Vol. 28, No. 11, 2014, pp. 1143-58.
[7] Blanpain, Cédric, and Elaine Fuchs. “Epidermal stem cells of the skin.” Annual Review of Cell and Developmental
Biology Vol. 22, 2006, pp. 339-73.
[8] Kornblum, Harley I. “Introduction to neural stem cells.” Stroke Vol. 38, No. 2, 2007, pp. 810-16.
[9] Barker, Nick. “Adult intestinal stem cells: critical drivers of epithelial homeostasis and regeneration.” Nature
Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology Vol. 15, No. 1, 2014, p. 19.
Adegbenro Fakoya, et al. Int J Med Res Health Sci 2017, 6(10): 38-44
42
[10] Woo, Wei-Meng, and Anthony E. Oro. “SnapShot: hair follicle stem cells.” Cell Vol. 146, No. 2, 2011, p. 334.
[11] Yin, Hang, Feodor Price, and Michael A. Rudnicki. “Satellite cells and the muscle stem cell niche.” Physiological
Reviews Vol. 93, No. 1, 2013, pp. 23-67.
[12] Merrell, Allyson J., and Ben Z. Stanger. “Adult cell plasticity in vivo: de-differentiation and transdifferentiation
are back in style.” Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology Vol. 17, No. 7, 2016, pp. 413-25.
[13] Sun, Rongrong, et al. “Advances in stem cell therapy for cardiovascular disease.” International Journal of Molecular
Medicine Vol. 38, No. 1, 2016, pp. 23-29.
[14] Kehat, Izhak, et al. “Electromechanical integration of cardiomyocytes derived from human embryonic stem
cells.” Nature Biotechnology Vol. 22, No. 10, 2004, p. 1282.
[15] Shiba, Yuji, et al. Human ES-cell-derived cardiomyocytes electrically couple and suppress arrhythmias in injured
hearts. Nature Vol. 489, 2012, pp. 322-25.
[16] Faiella, Whitney, and Rony Atoui. “Therapeutic use of stem cells for cardiovascular disease.” Clinical and
Translational Medicine Vol. 5, No. 1, 2016, p. 34.
[17] Menasché, Philippe, et al. “Human embryonic stem cell-derived cardiac progenitors for severe heart failure treatment:
first clinical case report.” European Heart Journal Vol. 36, No. 30, 2015, pp. 2011-17.
[18] Taylor, Doris A., et al. “Regenerating functional myocardium: improved performance after skeletal myoblast
transplantation.” Nature Medicine Vol. 4, No. 8, 1998, pp. 929-33.
[19] Hassan, Narmeen, Jason Tchao, and Kimimasa Tobita. “Concise review: skeletal muscle stem cells and cardiac
lineage: potential for heart repair.” Stem Cells Translational Medicine Vol. 3, No. 2, 2014, pp. 183-93.
[20] Johnston, Peter V., et al. “Engraftment, differentiation, and functional benefits of autologous cardiospherederived
cells in porcine ischemic cardiomyopathy.” Circulation Vol. 120, No. 12, 2009, pp. 1075-83.
[21] Menasché, Philippe, et al. “Autologous skeletal myoblast transplantation for severe postinfarction left ventricular
dysfunction.” Journal of the American College of Cardiology Vol. 41, No. 7, 2003, pp. 1078-83.
[22] Siminiak, Tomasz, et al. “Percutaneous trans-coronary-venous transplantation of autologous skeletal myoblasts
in the treatment of post-infarction myocardial contractility impairment: the POZNAN trial.” European Heart
Journal Vol. 26, No. 12, 2005, pp. 1188-95.
[23] Duckers, Henricus J., et al. “Final results of a phase IIa, randomised, open-label trial to evaluate the percutaneous
intramyocardial transplantation of autologous skeletal myoblasts in congestive heart failure patients: the SEISMIC
trial.” EuroIntervention: Journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional
Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology Vol. 6, No. 7, 2011, pp. 805-12.
[24] Martin-Rendon, Enca, et al. “Autologous bone marrow stem cells to treat acute myocardial infarction: a systematic
review.” European Heart Journal Vol. 29, No. 15, 2008, pp. 1807-18.
[25] Strauer, Bodo E., et al. “Repair of infarcted myocardium by autologous intracoronary mononuclear bone marrow
cell transplantation in humans.” Circulation Vol. 106, No. 15, 2002, pp. 1913-18.
[26] Sürder, Daniel, et al. “Cell-based therapy for myocardial repair in patients with acute myocardial infarction: rationale
and study design of the SWiss multicenter Intracoronary Stem cells Study in Acute Myocardial Infarction
(SWISS-AMI).” American Heart Journal Vol. 160, No. 1, 2010, pp. 58-64.
[27] Wollert, Kai C., et al. “Intracoronary autologous bone-marrow cell transfer after myocardial infarction: the
BOOST randomised controlled clinical trial.” The Lancet Vol. 364, No. 9429, 2004, pp. 141-48.
[28] Assmus, Birgit, et al. “Transplantation of progenitor cells and regeneration enhancement in acute myocardial
infarction (TOPCARE-AMI).” Circulation Vol. 106, No. 24, 2002, pp. 3009-17.
[29] Schächinger, Volker, et al. “Transplantation of progenitor cells and regeneration enhancement in acute myocardial
infarction: final one-year results of the TOPCARE-AMI Trial.” Journal of the American College of Cardiology
Vol. 44, No. 8, 2004, pp. 1690-99.
[30] Traverse, Jay H., et al. “Effect of intracoronary delivery of autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells 2 to
3 weeks following acute myocardial infarction on left ventricular function: the LateTIME randomized trial.”
Jama Vol. 306, No. 19, 2011, pp. 2110-19.
Adegbenro Fakoya, et al. Int J Med Res Health Sci 2017, 6(10): 38-44
43
[31] Traverse, Jay H., et al. “Effect of the use and timing of bone marrow mononuclear cell delivery on left ventricular
function after acute myocardial infarction: the TIME randomized trial.” Jama Vol. 308, No. 22, 2012, pp. 2380-89.
[32] Toma, Catalin, et al. “Human mesenchymal stem cells differentiate to a cardiomyocyte phenotype in the adult
murine heart.” Circulation Vol. 105, No. 1, 2002, pp. 93-98.
[33] Min, Jiang-Yong, et al. “Significant improvement of heart function by cotransplantation of human mesenchymal
stem cells and fetal cardiomyocytes in postinfarcted pigs.” The Annals of Thoracic Surgery Vol. 74, No. 5, 2002,
pp. 1568-75.
[34] Tsuchiya, Atsunori, et al. “Clinical trials using mesenchymal stem cells in liver diseases and inflammatory bowel
diseases.” Inflammation and Regeneration Vol. 37, No. 1, 2017, p. 16.
[35] Wollert, Kai C., et al. “Intracoronary autologous bone-marrow cell transfer after myocardial infarction: the
BOOST randomised controlled clinical trial.” The Lancet Vol. 364, No. 9429, 2004, pp. 141-48.
[36] Hare, Joshua M., et al. “A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation study of intravenous
adult human mesenchymal stem cells (prochymal) after acute myocardial infarction.” Journal of the American
College of Cardiology Vol. 54, No. 24, 2009, pp. 2277-86.
[37] Assmus, Birgit, et al. “Clinical outcome 2 years after intracoronary administration of bone marrow-derived progenitor
cells in acute myocardial infarction.” Circulation: Heart Failure (2009): CIRCHEARTFAILURE-108.
[38] Manginas, Athanassios, et al. “Pilot study to evaluate the safety and feasibility of intracoronary CD133+ and
CD133− CD34+ cell therapy in patients with nonviable anterior myocardial infarction.” Catheterization and
Cardiovascular Interventions Vol. 69, No. 6, 2007, pp. 773-81.
[39] Patel, Amit N., et al. “Surgical treatment for congestive heart failure with autologous adult stem cell transplantation:
a prospective randomized study.” The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Vol. 130, No. 6,
2005, pp. 1631-38.
[40] Stamm, Christof, et al. “Intramyocardial delivery of CD133+ bone marrow cells and coronary artery bypass
grafting for chronic ischemic heart disease: safety and efficacy studies.” The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular
Surgery Vol. 133, No. 3, 2007, pp. 717-25.
[41] Perin, Emerson C., et al. “Randomized, double-blind pilot study of transendocardial injection of autologous
aldehyde dehydrogenase-bright stem cells in patients with ischemic heart failure.” American Heart Journal Vol.
163, No. 3, 2012, pp. 415-21.
[42] Kocher, A. A., et al. “Neovascularization of ischemic myocardium by human bone-marrow-derived angioblasts
prevents cardiomyocyte apoptosis, reduces remodeling and improves cardiac function.” Nature Medicine Vol. 7,
No. 4, 2001, p. 430.
[43] Schuster, M. D., et al. “Myocardial neovascularization by bone marrow angioblasts results in cardiomyocyte
regeneration.” American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology Vol. 287, No. 2, 2004, pp.
H525-H532.
[44] Beitnes, Jan Otto, et al. “Intramyocardial injections of human mesenchymal stem cells following acute myocardial
infarction modulate scar formation and improve left ventricular function.” Cell Transplantation Vol. 21, No.
8, 2012, pp. 1697-1709.
[45] Cai, Liying, et al. “IFATS Collection: Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells Induce Angiogenesis and
Nerve Sprouting Following Myocardial Infarction, in Conjunction with Potent Preservation of Cardiac Function.”
Stem Cells Vol. 27, No. 1, 2009, pp. 230-37.
[46] Davy, Philip MC, et al. “Human adipose stem cell and ASC-derived cardiac progenitor cellular therapy improves
outcomes in a murine model of myocardial infarction.” Stem Cells and Cloning: Advances and Applications Vol.
8, 2015, p. 135.
[47] Perin, Emerson C., et al. “Adipose-derived regenerative cells in patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy: The
PRECISE Trial.” American Heart Journal Vol. 168, No. 1, 2014, pp. 88-95.
[48] Qayyum, Abbas Ali, et al. “Adipose-derived mesenchymal stromal cells for chronic myocardial ischemia (MyStromalCell
Trial): study design.” Regenerative Medicine Vol. 7, No. 3, 2012, pp. 421-28.
Adegbenro Fakoya, et al. Int J Med Res Health Sci 2017, 6(10): 38-44
44
[49] Beltrami, Antonio P., et al. “Adult cardiac stem cells are multipotent and support myocardial regeneration.”
Cell Vol. 114, No. 6, 2003, pp. 763-76.
[50] Bolli, Roberto, et al. “Cardiac stem cells in patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy (SCIPIO): initial results of
a randomised phase 1 trial.” The Lancet Vol. 378, No. 9806, 2011, pp. 1847-57.
[51] Matsuura, Katsuhisa, et al. “Adult cardiac Sca-1-positive cells differentiate into beating cardiomyocytes.” Journal
of Biological Chemistry Vol. 279, No. 12, 2004, pp. 11384-91.
[52] Bu, Lei, et al. “Human ISL1 heart progenitors generate diverse multipotent cardiovascular cell lineages.” Nature
Vol. 460, No. 7251, 2009, p. 113.
[53] Pfister, Otmar, et al. “CD31− but not CD31+ cardiac side population cells exhibit functional cardiomyogenic
differentiation.” Circulation Research Vol. 97, No. 1, 2005, pp. 52-61.
[54] Cai, Chen-Leng, et al. “A myocardial lineage derives from Tbx18 epicardial cells.” Nature Vol. 454, No. 7200,
2008, p. 104.
[55] Galvez, B. G., et al. “Cardiac mesoangioblasts are committed, self-renewable progenitors, associated with small
vessels of juvenile mouse ventricle.” Cell Death & Differentiation Vol. 15, No. 9, 2008, pp. 1417-28.
[56] Messina, Elisa, et al. “Isolation and expansion of adult cardiac stem cells from human and murine heart.” Circulation
Research Vol. 95, No. 9, 2004, pp. 911-21.
[57] Makkar, Raj R., et al. “Intracoronary cardiosphere-derived cells for heart regeneration after myocardial infarction
(CADUCEUS): a prospective, randomised phase 1 trial.” The Lancet Vol. 379, No. 9819, 2012, pp. 895-904.
[58] Stem cells from a cord blood could help repair damaged heart muscle-bristol.ac.uk/news. October 13, 2011.
Available at: http://www.bristol.ac.uk/news/2011/7957.html (Accessed June 18, 2017).
[59] Nishikawa, Shin-ichi, Robert A. Goldstein, and Concepcion R. Nierras. “The promise of human induced pluripotent
stem cells for research and therapy.” Nature Reviews. Molecular Cell Biology Vol. 9, No. 9, 2008, p. 725.
[60] Schenke-Layland, Katja, et al. “Reprogrammed mouse fibroblasts differentiate into cells of the cardiovascular
and hematopoietic lineages.” Stem Cells Vol. 26, No. 6, 2008, pp. 1537-46.
[61] Mauritz, Christina, et al. “Generation of functional murine cardiac myocytes from induced pluripotent stem
cells.” Circulation Vol. 118, No. 5, 2008, pp. 507-17.
[62] Narazaki, Genta, et al. “Directed and systematic differentiation of cardiovascular cells from mouse induced pluripotent
stem cells.” Circulation Vol. 118, No. 5, 2008, pp. 498-506.
[63] Zwi, Limor, et al. “Cardiomyocyte differentiation of human induced pluripotent stem cells.” Circulation Vol.
120, No. 15, 2009, pp. 1513-23.
[64] Pittenger, M.F., J.D. Mosca, and K. R. McIntosh. “Human mesenchymal stem cells: progenitor cells for cartilage,
bone, fat and stroma.” Lymphoid Organogenesis 2000, pp. 3-11.
[65] Fakoya, Adegbenro Omotuyi John. “New delivery systems of stem cells for vascular regeneration in ischemia.”
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine Vol. 4, 2017.