REFLECTIONS ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY CURRICULUM IN THE FOURTH GRADE “THE EXAMPLE OF ADANA CITY
Journal Name:
- Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi
Keywords (Original Language):
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Abstract (2. Language):
The national policy in 2004 aimed to develop the curriculum in Science andTechnology classes and to keep up with the change sand progress happening. Given the developed curriculum of Science andTechnology, it can be seen that the constructivist learning theory was adopted (Gömleksiz & Bulut, 2005).
Students in the fourth grade the first encounter with the curriculum of Science and Technology. In this regard, students learn the concepts of the fourth grade program correct and complete construction is extremely important the correct the construction of science concepts in their minds. In this context, the new curriculum is based on science and technology skills and knowledge required by the constructivist approach is of great importance for fourth grade teachers. Therefore, based on the constructivist approach teachers teaching methods and techniques are required to have sufficient knowledge and skills to practice (Gömleksiz & Bulut, 2005).
The constructivist philosophy recommends the radical changes related to the arrangement of the class and realization of the education. However, the studies showed that the constructivist approach present in the curriculum was not administered in the clasroom environment, and that the teaching was maintained through teacher-centric applications. (Bozyılmaz& Bağcı-Kılıç, 2005; Saylan & Yurdakul, 2005; Yaşar, Gültekin, Türkkan, Yıldız, & Girmen, 2005). Correspondingly, Anagün, Yalçınoğluand Ersoy (2012) found that only one-third of the fiften ones adopted the constructivist approach but only two of them put the approach in to practice.
This study aimed to describe the present situation and the problems encountered in terms of the objectives, activities and assessment based on the constructivist approach in science and technology classes in the fourth grades. The findings obtained are thought to shedlight on curriculum development.
The methodology of this study is descriptive. The classes related were observed, and semi-structured interviews were conducted with the teachers and the students selected. The sampling was composed of two groups. The former consisted of the three teachers teaching the fourth grade, and 9 students through random sampling from each teacher’s class were chosen. In addition to the observation and semi-structured interviews, the written exams, performance tasks and student notebooks were also used in the study. The content analysis of the data collected was performed.
The findings related to the first research question of the study showed that when the objectives, activites and assessment dimensions were analyzed, the objectives such as explanation, noticing, making a relation, inference were applied in the class, whereas no task related to the experiments, the indispensable part of the constructivist approach, was not administered in the class.
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Abstract (Original Language):
Bu çalışmanın amacı yapılandırmacı yaklaşım temel alınarak hazırlanan İlköğretim 4. Sınıf Fen ve Teknoloji dersi programının uygulamadaki durumunu belirlemektir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda kolay ulaşılabilir durum örneklemesiyle seçilen 3 dördüncü sınıf öğretmeni ve her öğretmenin sınıfından seçkisiz olarak atanan üçer öğrenciden oluşan örneklem seçilmiştir. Araştırmada veri toplama yöntemi olarak nitel yöntemlerden olan gözlem ve yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme kullanılmıştır. Ayrıca öğretmenlerin değerlendirmede kullandıkları dokümanlar ve öğrenci defterleri de kaynak olarak kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen verilere içerik analizi yapılmış ortaya çıkan kodlar araştırmacılar tarafından temalaştırılmış ve tablolaştırılmıştır. Ayrıca çalışmada doğrudan alıntılara da yer verilmiştir. Yapılan analizler sonucunda, programda yer alan deney önerme ve deney yapma içerikli kazanımların uygulamalarda yer almadığı, programda yer alan etkinliklerin sınıfta etkin şekilde uygulanmadığı, bunların yanında interaktif materyalin kullanıldığı ortaya çıkmıştır. Ayrıca programdaki değerlendirme boyutu elemanlarının uygulamalarda ortaya çıkan en önemli eksiklikler olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
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