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Yem Olarak Kullanılan Soya Fasulyesinin Mikroskobik Funguslarla Kolonizasyonu

FEEDING SOYBEAN COLONIZATION BY MICROSCOPIC FUNGI

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Abstract (2. Language): 
During the experimental period of months March, August, November and January of the years 2002 and 2003, the amount and generic composition of microscopic fungi in soybean heve been monitored. Sampling was done in five takings (25 samples). The aim was to monitor changes in microflora of feedstuff soybean. The highest contamination was detected in the second taking represented by 102 to 103 CFU (colony forming units) of microscopic fungi per 1 gram, followed by first taking in March (2.67.103 CFU.g-1). From the analyzed samples, 26 species belonging to 13 genera of microscopic fungi were isolated and identified. Among the isolated genera, Aspergillus and Penicillium, belonged to the most dangerous fungi, occuring in 67 - 100 % and 50 - 88 % of the samples tested, respectively. Stored cereals can be seriously damaged by these genera owing to grain moulding as well as by production of mycotoxins and allergenes. Species determined as Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus etc. can contaminate and impair the feedstuff soybean.
Abstract (Original Language): 
2002 ve 2003 yılları Mart, Ağustos, Kasım ve Ocak aylarındaki deneysel periyotlar süresince, soya fasulyesindeki mikroskobik fungusların miktarı ve genel kompozisyonunu çalıştık. Örnekleme 5 defa yapılmıştır. Deney, yem olarak kullanılan soya fasulyesinin mikroflorasındaki değişmelerin çalışılmasını amaçlamıştır. En fazla kontaminasyon, ikinci örneklemede saptanmıştır, burada 1 gram için 102 - 103 CFU mikroskobik fungus saptanmış; bunu birinci örnekleme takip etmiştir; buradaki sayı ise 2.67.103 CFU'dir. Örneklerin analiz edilmesiyle, mikroskobik fungusların 13 genusuna ait 26 tür izole ettik ve teşhisini yaptık. İzole edilen genuslar arasında, Aspergillus ve Penicillium'a ait olan oldukça tehlikeli funguslar vardır; bu funguslar sırasıyla % 67 - 100 ve % 50 - 88 oranında saptanmışlardır. Depodaki tahıl ürünlerine çok zarar veren sözkonusu genuslar, ciddi zararlara yol açabilir; çünkü daneler üzerindeki küfler, mikotoksin ürettikleri gibi, allerjen de olabilirler. Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus flavus v.d. gibi çalışmamızda saptanan türler, yem amacıyla kullanılan soyayı kontamine edebilirler.
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