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Ayçiçeğinde Fizyolojik Olgunluk Zamanının Belirlenmesi

THE DETERMINING PHYSIOLOGICAL MATURITY TIME IN SUNFLOWER

Journal Name:

  • Trakya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2004

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
The genotype of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) affects maturity time but maturity is also influ-enced by environmental conditions such as temperature, planting date and location. The easiest and most eco-nomical method for determining maturity was phenological or visual observation. The best character to define physiological maturity (PM) was head first stage, when the brown color (1 to 10 %) was visually observed at back of sunflower heads in visual observations. Determination of PM with phenological observation and seed moisture or seed maximum oil content together was the most accurate method for evaluation of physiological maturity. Hybrids decreased to about 300-400 g/kg moisture and reached maximum oil content at physiological maturity. Correlation results at physiological maturity showed that hybrids usually displayed similar days and heat unit accumulations at flowering and other early stages. Therefore, the earliest stage to accurately predict PM was 50 % blooming stage for most hybrids. Day accumulations were found to be less variable than heat unit accumulations in this study.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Ayçiçeğinde genetik faktörler olgunlaşma zamanının belirlenmesinde önemli rol oynamasına rağmen, bu öğenin oluşmasında ayrıca sıcaklık, ekim zamanı ve ekildiği yer gibi çevresel faktörlerin etkisi büyüktür. Ol-gunluğun ayçiçeği bitkisinde belirlemenin en kolay ve ekonomik yolu fenolojik ve görsel gözlemlerdir. Fizyo-lojik olgunluğun belirlenmesinde en önemli özellik; ayçiçeği tablasının arka kısımlarının % 10 civarında kahve-rengine döndüğü zamandır. Araştırmada; ayçiçeği tanelerinin maksimum yağ oranına ulaşması ve nem oranının fenolojik gözlemler ile kullanılarak fizyolojik olgunluk zamanının belirlenmesi en uygun metot olarak bulun-muştur. Bu zamanda tanelerde 300-400 g/kg nem oranı mevcut olup, tanelerde yağ oranı maksimum seviyeye ulaşmıştır. Araştırmadaki korelasyon sonuçlarında, hem gün, hem de gün derece toplamlarında fizyolojik ol-gunluk zamanında benzer sonuçlar elde edilmiş olup, olgunluğun en erken % 50 çiçeklenme zamanında doğru olarak tahmin edilebileceğini belirlenmiştir. Denemelerde fizyolojik olgunluk gün süreleri, gün derece toplam-larına göre daha az değişkenlik göstermiştir.
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REFERENCES

References: 

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