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Translation as Theory and Praxis: Indigenous Literature of Rajasthan with Special Reference to Vijay Dan Detha's Stories

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Abstract (2. Language): 
Translation makes the literature of a culture and region known to other regions and establishes a certain credibility and relationship of mutual regard. But in the context of India there is the danger of so called regional literature subsumed into more powerful national culture. Thus the translator's strategy would be to bring out the sense of continuities within the nation as well as the distinct sense of location of the text that has been translated. The readers will have to be convinced of both the fellow Indianness of the translated text as well as of the uniqueness of its location. A Rajasthani text has to be read differently from a Punjabi text and calls for different kind of theory and practice, also different kinds of Englishes. Thus in a multilingual country like India, the translation of indigenous literature and culture should be treated as a matter of primary national importance in that it would contribute to spreading the knowledge about lesser known social and linguistic groups such as Marwari (popularly known as Rajasthani). The present paper is an attempt to look at the nature of interlingual translation practices within India and locate the significance of parallel texts which address different linguistic and cultural communities at large and provide an opportunity to celebrate culture specificity. The first part of the paper addresses the issue of translation as theory and translation as praxis. The second part focuses on Christi Merrill's position as the translator of Vijaydan Detha's short story collection Chouboli. It discusses at length Christi's own experiences as expressed in the foreword which she titles, 'translating as a telling praxis'.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Çeviri; bir kültürün, bir bölgenin edebiyatını diğer bir kültüre - bölgeye taşır ve karşılıklı kültürel ilişkiyle birlikte güven duygusu oluşmasına katkıda bulunur. Fakat Hindistan örneğinde bölgesel kültürün ürünü olan edebiyatın daha güçlü olan milli kültürün içinde erime tehlikesi vardır. Dolayısıyla, çevirmenin stratejisi hem alt kültür ürününü muhafaza etmek, hem de milli kültürle barışık olmalıdır. Yani çeviri metin Hintlilerde bu eserin kendilerine ait olduğunu hissettirirken, aynı zamanda da bir bölge kültürüne ait olduğunu göstermelidir. İngilizce'nin farklı kullanımları olduğu gibi, teori ve pratikte bir Rajastan metni de bir Pencap metninden daha farklı okunmalıdır. Hindistan gibi çok dilli bir ülkede alt kültüre ait ve daha az bilinen Marwari (Rajastanca olarak bilinen dil) dili ve dillerin ürünü olan edebiyat ürünleri ve çevirileri öncelik kazanmaktadır. Bu makalenin amacı; Hindistan özelinde üretilmiş, kültürel anlamda benzerlik taşıyan alt kültüre ait metinleri dikkate alarak, dilller arası çeviri metinler üze¬ rinden yerel-bölgesel kültürün önemini vurgulamaktır. Makalenin ilk bölümü çeviri teorisi ve uygula¬ maları üzerinedir. İkinci bölüm ise, Vijaydan Detha'nın kısa hikaye antolojisi olan Chouboli adlı eseri¬ ni çeviren Christi Merrill'in bir çevirmen olarak durumunu değerlendirecektir. Sonuçta, Christi'nin ese¬ rinin önsözünde kendi tecrübesinden yola çıkarak ifade ettiği "etkili bir uygulama olarak çeviri" başlığının bir tartışması yapılacaktır.
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