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OPERA ŞARKICILIĞINDA METİNSEL ANLAŞILIRLIK PROBLEMİ VE NEDENLERİ

THE PROBLEM OF TEXTUAL INTELLIGIBILITY IN OPERA SINGING AND THE CAUSES OF THIS PROBLEM

Journal Name:

  • The Journal of Academic Social Science Studies

Publication Year:

  • 2014
DOI: 
http://dx.doi.org/10.9761/JASSS2411

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
One of the points that frequently expressed in literature, which is related with opera singing is the problematic of textual intelligibility. The main factors and causes of this problem are the techniques applied by opera singers in order to obtain a result that is aimed from aesthetical perspective and, at the same time, to produce a louder sound. Through these techniques, on one hand, singers can be heard themselves to the audiences during the accompaniment of large and louder orchestra; on the other hand, they fulfill a necessity related with timbre continuity that is an eminent point in opera singing art. Even these techniques differentiate for male and female opera singers, the result is same: the exclusion of text. One another dimension that creates this problem is the range of singing voice that contains rather high pitches. Thanks to a convention formed between singers and audiences and, because the audiences regard the beauty of voice more important than textual content, this problem tolerated. It is seen that, solution that designed to solve of problem goes no further than to be a partial level. Because of various dynamics belonged to the art of opera, this problem is inherently a part of opera singing style, and, unless these dynamics are given up, there is no absolute solution related to the problem of intelligibility in opera singing. In this way, we can say that, this problem in relation to opera singing style, bear insolubility in itself. Besides, it seen that details of the problem in relation to opera singing style that created by the singers techniques must be taken into account in a methodological study applied in traditional singing styles.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Opera şarkıcılığına ilişkin literatürde sıklıkla dile getirilen hususlardan biri, metinsel anlaşılabilirliğe ilişkin problemdir. Bu problemin ortaya çıkmasını sağlayan temel etmen, şarkıcıların estetik açıdan hedefledikleri bir sonucu elde etmek ve aynı zamanda daha gür bir duyum üretmek için uyguladıkları tekniklerdir. Bu teknikler sayesinde şarkıcılar bir yandan gür bir orkestranın eşliğindeyken seyircilere kendilerini duyurabilirken, bir yandan da opera şarkıcılığın sanatında önemli bir husus olan tınısal sürekliliğe ilişkin gerekliliği yerine getirirler. Bu teknikler kadın ve erkek opera şarkıcıları açısından farklılaşsa da sonuç aynıdır: metnin dışlanması. Opera şarkıcılığında kullanılan ses alanının oldukça tiz perdeleri içermesi ise, problemin bir diğer ayağını oluşturur. Şarkıcı ve dinleyiciler arasında oluşmuş bir uzlaşım sayesinde ve dinleyicinin sesin güzelliğini metnin içeriğinden daha önemli bulması nedeniyle bu problem tolere edilmektedir. Probleme getirilmeye çalışılan çözümlerin ise kısmî bir seviyede etkili olma durumunda kaldığı görülür. Söz konusu problemin, opera sanatına ait çeşitli dinamikler nedeniyle, bu şarkıcılık türüne içrek olduğu ve metinsel anlaşılırlık problemine ilişkin kesin bir çözümün, ancak opera sanatının temel bazı dinamiklerinin ihmal edilmesi şartıyla geliştirilebileceği anlaşılmaktadır. Bu yüzdendir ki, opera şarkıcılığında metinsel anlaşılırlık problemi, kendi içinde çözümsüzlüğü taşımaktadır diyebiliriz. Ayrıca, opera şarkıcılarının uyguladıkları tekniklerin metinsel anlaşılırlık üzerindeki etkisine ilişkin ayrıntıların, geleneksel şarkıcılık türlerinde ses eğitiminde uygulanacak metodolojik bir çalışmada da dikkate alınması gerektiği görülmektedir.
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