Buradasınız

İNANCIN OLUŞUMUNA DAİR BİLİŞSEL BİR YAKLAŞIM

A COGNITIVE APPROACH TO EMERGENCE OF BELIEF

Journal Name:

Publication Year:

DOI: 
http://dx.doi.org/10.9761/JASSS2774
Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
There are many different theories and disciplines which are trying to research religion and religious belief. But since nearly 30 years, we have been witnessing the birth of a new discipline, CSR (Cognitive Science of Religion) which is studying religion. In fact CSR is the subdiscipline of CS (Cognitive Science).It claims its difference from the other disciplines and theories which are situated. CSR is trying to find universality of religion and religious belief in all human beings with the features of human cognition as linguistics has done with the universality of language before. In this research we are trying to explain what the religious belief is in CSR. We are going to present the tendency of our cognitive structure to religious belief and how our cognitive structure produces religious belief. Because we are born with the tendency of religious belief because of our cognitive structure according to CSR. In this study, we try to expain the main theories and approaches of it and lastly we try to give the general critics of this discipline. Because Evolution occurs against religion with a new approach again. It manages that by making explanations on psychological concepts like instinct, mind, cognition, intution. Beside that It claims its scientific dimension including artificial intelligence, computer science and neuroscience. Therefore I believe that psychologists of religion in Turkey should be aware of this discipline which has serious and important arguments on religion and belief and antireligious rhetoric.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Dini ve dini inancı araştıran birçok farklı teori ve disiplin bulunmaktadır. Fakat yaklaşık 30 yıldan bu yana yeni bir disiplinin doğumuna şahitlik etmekteyiz. Dini inceleyen bu disiplin, Bilişsel Din bilimidir. Aslında Bilişsel Din Bilimi, bilişsel bilimin alt dalı olan bir disiplindir. Bu disiplin, diğer yerleşik teori ve disiplinlerden farklı olduğu iddiasındadır. Kısaca CSR olarak ifade edilen Bilişsel Din Bilimi, daha önce dilbilimcilerin dilin evrenselliği ortaya koymaya çalıştıkları gibi, insan bilişinin özelliklerini göz önüne alarak dinin ve dini inancın insanoğlundaki evrenselliğini ortaya koymaya çalışmaktadır. Biz bu çalışmamızda CSR’deki dini inancın ne olduğunu ortaya koymaya çalışacağız. Ayrıca bilişsel yapımızın dini inancı nasıl ürettiğini ve bilişsel yapımızın dini inanca olan yatkınlığını sunmaya çalışacağız. Çünkü CSR’ye göre bilişsel yapımızdan dolayı dini inanca yatkın olarak doğmaktayız. Bu çalışmada Bilişsel Din Bilimi dini inanca dair yaklaşımlarını ve teorilerini ortaya koymaya çalışacağız. Ayrıca bu disiplinle ilgili eleştirilere de yer vereceğiz. Çünkü evrim tekrar yeni bir bakış açısıyla dinin karşısına çıkmaktadır. Bunu da sezgi, içgüdü, zihin, biliş gibi psikolojik kavramlar üzerinde açıklamalar yaparak gerçekleştirmektedir. Ayrıca yapay zekâ, bilgisayar bilimi, nörobilim gibi disiplinleri de içerisine alarak bilimsellik iddiasında bulunmaktadır. Bundan dolayı din ve inançla ilgili ciddi ve önemli iddialara ve din karşıtı bir söyleme sahip olan bu disiplinin Türkiye’deki din psikologları tarafından haberdar olunması gerektiğini düşünmekteyiz.
475
490

REFERENCES

References: 

ANDRESEN, J.(2001). Religion in Mind: Cognitive Perspectives on Religious Belief, Ritual, and Experience. England: Cambridge University Press.
BAINBRIDGE, W.S. (2005).The coming conflict between religion and cognitive science. C.G.Wagner(Ed.). in Foresight, Innovation and Strategy: Toward a Wiser Future. Maryland: World Future Society, 75-87.
BARENTHIN, G.K.(2013).The Cognitive and Psychological Roots of Religion. Unpublished Master Thesis. Canada: University of Toronto.
BARRETT, J. L.(2000).Exploring The Natural Foundations of Religion. Trends In Cognitive Sciences. 4.1, 29 - 34.
BARRETT, J.L.(2007a). Cognitive science of religion : What is it and Why is it ?. Religion Compass.1, 768 - 786
BARRETT, J.L.(2007b). Is the spell really broken? Bio- Psychological Explanations of Religion and Theistic Belief. Theology and Science.1, 57 - 72.
BARRETT, J. L. and LANMAN, J. A. (2008). The science of religious Belief. Elsevier –Religion. 38,109 -124. BARRETT, J.L. and BURDETT, E.R.(2011).The Cognitive Science of religion. httpwww.thepsychologist.org.ukarchivearchive_home.cfmvolumeID_24-editionID_1... (30 eylül 2014).
BENSON, J.E. (2007). New Cognitive Science of Religion and Religious Pluralism. Dialog: A Journel of Theology. 46. 4, 382 - 389.
BLOOM, P.(2005). Is God an accident?. Atlantic Weekly. (http://www.theatlantic.com/doc/200512/god-accident.) (20 / 8 / 2008).
BOYER, P. and RAMBLE, C. (2001). Cognitive templates for religious concepts: cross-cultural evidence for recall of counter-intuitive representations. Elsevier-Cognitive Science.25, 535-564.
BRESFOLD, T. (2005). Lessons for religious education from cognitive science of religion. Religious Education.100. 2, 174 -190.
COLLIER, M. (2014). The Natural Foundations of Religion. Philosophical Psychology.27.5, 665-680.
GUTHRIE,S.E. ,(1996).Religion:What is it?.Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion. 35.4, 412-419.
HENIG, R. M.(2007). Darwin’s God. New York Times Magazine. (http://www.nytimes.com/2007/03/04/magazine/04evolution.t.html?ref=magazine) (09 / 07 / 2008).
JONG, J. (2012). The Cognitive Science of Religion and Christian Faith: Some Preliminary Considerations. Christıan Perspectives On Science and Technology. 8, 1-12
490
Tuncay AKSÖZ
KIHLSTROM, J.F. (2008).What is Cognitive Science? And What Does It Have to Do with Religion?. http//.socrates.berkeley.edu~kihlstrmRelCogSci08.htm (30 eylül 2014).
LAWSON, E.T.(2000).Towards A Cognitive Science of Religion. Numen. 47, 339- 348
MARTIN, L.H. (2004).The cognitive science of religion. Method and Theory in the study of religion.16, 201 - 204.
McCAULEY, R.N. and WHITEHOUSE, H. (2003). New Frontiers in the Cognitive Science of Religion. (http://www.qub.ac.uk/sa/WhitehouseICC.htm) (04 / 05 / 2008)
McCAULEY, R. N. (2008).Common Criticisms of the Cognitive Science of Religion – Answered. Bulletin / CSSR. 37. 4, 112-115.
OVIEDO, L. (2008). Steps Toward A Cognitive science of religion. Zygon. 43.2, 385 -393.
OZORAK, E.W. (2005). Cognitive Approaches to Religion. R.F.Paloutzian and C.L.Park (Ed.). Handbook of The Psychology of Religion and Sprituality. America: The Guilford Press, 216-234.
PYYSIAINEN, I. (2003). True Fiction: philosophy and psychology of religious belief. Philosophical Psychology.16.1, 109-125.
SAGAR, R. J. (2011). The Cognitive Science of Religion/Atheism and Its Impact on Plantinga’s Reformed Epistemology. Unpublished Master Thesis. England: University of Birmingham.
SMEDES, T. A. (2014). Emil Brunner Revisited: On The Cognitive Science of Religion, The Imago Dei, and Revelation. Zygon. 49.1, 190-207.
SORENSEN, J. (2005). Religion in Mind: A review article of the cognitive science of religion. Numen. 52, 465- 494.
TREMLIN, T. (2003). Thought and Emotion in the scientific study of Religion: A Critical Review of Ilkka Pyysiainen’s How Religion Works. Journal of Cognition and Culture. 3.3, 255-263.
TREMLIN, T. (2004). Divine Minds: The Cognitive Foundations of God and Religion. Unpublished Doctorate Dissertation. America: Western Michigan University.
TURK, M. (2009). Appraisal of Recent Evolutionary Theories of Religion:
Cognitive Theories of Religion And Socially and Ecologically Adaptive Theories of Religion. Unpublished Doctorate Thesis. USA: Lutheran School of Theology.
UPAL, M.A. (2005). Towards a Cognitive Science of New Religious Movements. Journal of Cognition and Culture. 5, 214-239
SLYKE, J.A. V. (2005). Religion and Cognitive Science: Cognitive Constraints and Top-down Causation. (www.metanexus.net/conference2005/pdf/van_slyke.pdf) (07 / 06 / 2008)
SLYKE, James Arthur Van. (2008).Theology in Mind: Reductıon, Emergence, and Cognitive Science.Unpublished Doctorate Dissertation.USA: Fuller Theological Seminary.
SYED, I.B. (2012).Sufısm and Neurotheology. http://www.irfi.org/articles/articles_301_350/ sufism__and__neurotheology.htm(17 Ekim 2012 )
THAGARD, P.(2014). CognitiveScience. http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2014/entries/cognitive-science/. (4 Aralık 2014)
VIAL, T.(2004 ).The Rubber meets the road: The Cognitive Science of Religion and Historical Ritualized Practises. Method and Theory in the study of religion.16, 292-300.
VISALA, A. (2009). Religion Explained? A Philosophical Appraisal of The Cognitive Science of Religion. Unpublished Doctorate Dissertation. Finland: University of Helsinki.
WHITEHOUSE, H. (2004).Modes of religiosity and the cognitive science of religion. Method and Theory in the study of religion. 16, 321-335.
WHITEHOUSE, Harvey.(2008). Cognitive Evolution and Religion; Cognition and Religious Evolution. Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology. 3.3,35-47.

Thank you for copying data from http://www.arastirmax.com