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Bir DIALOGIC AYDINLANMA PERSPEKTİF; SÖZDE-ORIENTAL HARFLERLE OSMANLI VE AVRUPA İLİŞKİLERİ YAKLAŞIMI

A DIALOGIC ENLIGHTENMENT PERSPECTIVE; APPROACH TO THE OTTOMAN AND EUROPEAN RELATIONS IN PSEUDO-ORIENTAL LETTERS

Journal Name:

  • Turkish Studies

Publication Year:

  • 2008
DOI: 
http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.364

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
It is commonly held that pseudo-oriental letters used an Oriental mask to comment on contemporary European society and manners; Eastern contexts, proverbs, customs and culture were thought to be supplementary to the central theme. Therefore, the representation of the Ottoman Orient in the letters was taken as of mostly illustrative (Conant, 157-61). However, it is not illuminating to argue that pseudo-oriental letters were mainly concerned with the discussion of contemporary social and political issues. We can find more than illusion in the letters in terms of the representation of the Ottoman Orient. We will survey the historical process can disclose the interaction between Europe and the Orient and unravel the consistent spirit which reinforced the negotiation between East and West. The critical perspectives in the Turkish Spy and Persian Letters blended the positive and negative aspects of the two worlds; the pseudo-oriental letters amalgamated the familiar and unfamiliar, ridiculous and serious facets of the Eastern and Western cultures. The use of Oriental narrators worked as a metaphor for the intellectual and cultural transformation of Eastern and Western perceptions of each other. This transformation created a critical narrative tradition where Eastern and Western values had contact, clashed, and found a way to get rid of religious prejudice. Using Bakhtin's concept of dialogy, the present paper aims to discuss how the two continents interanimated each other by disclosing the serious and absurd aspects of the two cultures.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
On yedinc i yüzyıl sonu ve on sekizinci yüzyıl başlarında Avrupa edebiyatında oldukça popüler olan sözde-doğu mektupları Aydınlanma Dönemi eleştirel bakış açısının bir yansıması olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu mektuplarda Osmanlı-Doğu dünyasının Avrupa toplumunu ve politik durumunu eleştirmek için bir araç olduğunu ve bu yüzden de sözde-doğu mektuplarının doğu dünyasını ele alan eserler olarak görülemeyeceği gibi yanlış bir yargı vardır. Öncelikle bu mektuplardaki kahraman Osmanlı-Doğusundan gelen bir kişidir. Avrupa toplumunu ve değerlerini bir doğulu bakış açısıyla gözlemler ve özgürce eleştirir. Doğulu gözlemci Doğulular ile Batılıları sürekli karşılaştırır. Bu karşılaştırma ve eleştiriler sözde-doğu mektuplarındaki doğulu karakterlerin doğu ve batı dünyasını yakından tanıdığını ve bu iki dünya arasındaki benzerlik ve farklılıkları çarpıcı bir şekilde irdelediklerini göz önüne alırsak bu eserlerde çok güçlü bir doğu imgesi ve doğu-batı etkileşimi vardır. Özellikle Jean Paulo Marana'nın Türk Casusu (1684) ve Montesquieu'nun İran Mektupları'ndaki doğulu gözlemciler Doğu ve Batı'nın kültürel ve ideolojik olarak bir diğerini algılama sürecinin nasıl değiştiğini gösteren önemli metaforlardır. Bu dönüşüm her iki dünyanın bir diğeri hakkındaki ön yargılarına, tarihten gelen düşmanlıklarına meydan okuyan ve Osmanlı-doğusu ile Avrupa dünyası arasındaki benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları etkileşim içinde değerlendiren eleştirel bir bakış açısı ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu makalenin amacı Osmanlı-doğusu ve Avrupa dünyasının sözde-doğu mektuplarında nasıl bir etkileşim içinde olduklarını incelemektir.
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  • 4
193-204
  • Turkish

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