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İKTİSAT BİLİMİNİN SINIRLARI ÜZERİNE: AYKIRI İKTİSAT YAKLAŞIMI

ON THE SCOPE OF ECONOMICS: WACKONOMICS APPROACH

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Abstract (2. Language): 
The neo-classical approach has traditionally assumed that individuals are homoeconomicus, firms and consumers have perfect information and are rational beings who make optimizing decisions. These assumptions imply that markets are allocatively efficient and perfectly self-correcting. Neo-classical analyses are based on positivist epistemology, and are therefore formally logical. The impacts of developments in other disciplines on economic theory have created debates on the assumptions of neo-classical economic theory. These assumptions and methodology have been also criticized by Wackonomists. Wackonomics presents an alternative economic theory which challenges neo-classical economic assumptions, and also its methodological and empirical basis. In the last years, there is a large body of theoretical literature on the Wackonomics’ study areas, but this literature has been usually ignored in developing countries and Turkey. This paper deals with this literature and the study areas of Wackonomics approach. The study reaches the conclusion that economics will become more scientific as economists study Wackonomics’ interest fields.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Neo-klasik yaklaşımda geleneksel olarak bireylerin iktisadî insan özelliklerine sahip olduğu, firmaların ve tüketicilerin tam bilgiye erişebilecekleri ve optimizasyon kararları ile rasyonel hareket ettikleri varsayılmaktadır. Bu varsayımlar piyasalarda etkin tahsisin gerçekleştiğini ve kendi kendine etkin dengelere ulaşmanın mümkün olduğunu ima etmektedir. Neo-klasik iktisadın analizleri pozitivist epistemolojiye dayandığı için formel bir mantığa sahiptir. İktisat teorisinde diğer disiplinlerin yer alması neo-klasik yaklaşımın belirtilen varsayımlarının tartışılmasına yol açmıştır. Neo-klasik iktisadın varsayımları ve yöntemi aykırı iktisatçılar (Wackonomists) tarafından da eleştirilmektedir. Nitekim, aykırı iktisat (Wackonomics) yaklaşımı neo-klasik iktisadın belirtilen varsayımları ile metodolojik ve ampirik temellerine karşı çıkan bir perspektif sunmaktadır. Son yıllarda, aykırı iktisadın ilgi alanlarına dair teorik literatür oldukça hacim kazanmış; ancak, gelişmekte olan ülkelerde ve Türkiye’de fazlaca dikkate alınmamıştır. Bu çalışmada aykırı iktisat yaklaşımının ilgi alanları ve literatürü ele alınmaktadır. Çalışmada iktisatçıların aykırı iktisadın ilgi alanları üzerinde daha fazla araştırma yapmasının iktisadın daha bilimsel nitelikler kazanmasına katkıda bulunacağı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
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