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Sigara içen bireylerde egzersizin oksidatif stresi azaltmadaki etkisi

The effect of exercise on reducing oxidative stress in cigarette smokers

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Abstract (2. Language): 
Smoking and exercise both induce oxidative stress. Studies that investigate the effects of exercise on oxidative stress have generally focused on non smokers and healthy people that do not use any medicine and medical supplements. However, there are many people who do exercise regularly with different fitness level and smoke cigarette at the same time. There are limited numbers of studies that have measured oxidative stress markers in response to acute and chronic exercise in cigarette smokers. In this context, the effects of exercise on oxidative stress in cigarette smokers were compiled in this review. The results of limited data show that acute exercise exacerbates oxidative stress responses in sedentary cigarette smokers. Because of having low antioxidant capacity, lipid peroxidation level is higher and oxidative stress damage is bigger in smokers. In addition, recent studies suggest that regular long term exercise may reduce the potential damage of cigarette by up–regulating antioxidant defense system. It has been showed that people who exercise regularly (6 times or more per week) have lower lipid peroxidation level. Furthermore, training intensity and training volume should be enough to activate antioxidant defense system and to increase the levels of antioxidant enzymes.
Abstract (Original Language): 
Sigara ve egzersiz oksidatif strese neden olan iki önemli uyarandır. Egzersizin oksidatif strese etkisini inceleyen araştırmalar genellikle sigara içmeyen, antioksidan etkili ilaç kullanmayan ve metabolik hastalığı olmayan sağlıklı bireyler üzerinde odaklanmıştır. Ancak sigara içen ve aynı zamanda düzenli egzersiz yapan, farklı fiziksel uygunluk düzeyine sahip bireylerin sayısı da oldukça fazladır. Akut ve/veya kronik egzersizin sigara içen bireylerde oksidatif stresi nasıl etkilediği ile ilgili çalışma sayısı azdır. Bu kapsamda, sigara içen bireylerde egzersizin oksidatif strese etkisini inceleyen çalışmalar derlenmiştir. Sınırlı sayıdaki çalışma sonuçları akut egzersiz sonrasında oluşan oksidatif stres cevaplarının sigara içen sedanter bireylerde daha şiddetli olduğunu göstermektedir. Düşük antioksidan kapasiteye sahip olmalarından dolayı sigara içen bireylerde lipit peroksidasyon seviyesi daha yüksek ve oksidatif stres hasarı daha fazladır. Bunun yanı sıra son çalışmalar düzenli yapılan uzun süreli egzersizlerin antioksidan savunma sistemini yeniden düzenleyerek sigaranın olası zararlarını azaltacağını düşündürmektedir. Haftada 6 kez veya daha sık egzersiz yapan bireylerde dinlenim durumunda lipit peroksidasyon seviyesinin düşük olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bununla birlikte antrenman şiddetinin ve antrenman kapsamının antioksidan savunma sisteminde adaptasyon, diğer bir değişle antioksidan enzim seviyesinde artış oluşturacak yeterli düzeyde olması gerekmektedir.
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