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A COMPARISON OF MEDIEVAL EUROPEAN GUILDS AND AKHISM IN ANATOLIA IN TERMS OF THEIR EMERGENCE AND GENERAL FUNCTIONS

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  • Tarih Okulu Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2009

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Abstract (2. Language): 
This paper argues that despite their similarities in socio-economic and religious senses, Medieval European Guilds and Akhism emerged distinctively from different reasons and functioned in different ways. While Medieval European guild system was a part of an organisational structure appearing in the social and economic conditions of Western Europe and became in time legally defined and prescribed institution, the Akhi system appeared and functioned in very limited time as a voluntary institution specifically in Anatolia as a consequence of political turmoil and increasing decentralisation. So, when the authority of the central government increased, Akhi organisation disappeared and gave way to the guilds in the Ottoman Empire.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Bu çal.şmada, Ortaçağ Avrupa Lonca sistemiyle, Anadolu’ya özgü bir kurum olan Ahilik aras.ndaki sosyo-ekonomik ve dinsel benzerlikler verili olarak kabul edilmekle birlikte, her iki kurumsal yap. aras.nda hem ortaya ç.k.ş hem de işlevsellik aç.s.ndan farl.l.klar olduğu vurgulanmaktad.r. Ortaçağ Avrupa’s.ndaki Loncalar hukuki olarak tan.mlanm.ş, Avrupa’da, o dönemde ortaya ç.km.ş olan, toplumun bütününe yay.lm.ş, geniş organizasyonel yap.n.n bir parças.d.rlar. Ahilik ise, Anadolu’daki siyasi kargaşa ve merkezi hükümetin güç kayb.na koşut olarak gelişen daha dar bir zaman diliminde işlev edinmiş, gönüllü bir sosyal organizasyondur. Bunun neticesinde, Avrupa’da lonca yap.lanmas.nda bir süreklilik söz konusuyken; Anadolu’da ahilik merkezi hükümetlerin güçlenmesi sonucunda yerini Osmanl. Lonca sistemine b.rakm.şt.r.
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REFERENCES

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