Buradasınız

Anasayfa » Content

DİKKAT EKSİKLİĞİ - HİPERAKTİVİTE BOZUKLUĞU VE TEDAVİSİ

ATTENTION DEFICIT - HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER AND ITS TREATMENT

Journal Name:

  • Türkiye Aile Hekimliği Dergisi

Publication Year:

  • 2004

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) syndrome is common, with young school age males most frequently affected. The syndrome comprises of hyperactivity, inattention, distractibility and impulsivity. Its prevalence amongst school children is estimated as 3-17%. It is 3-9 times more frequent in boys. The causes are likely to stem from a combination of biological, often genetically determi¬ned neurochemical disturbances. The basal ganglia, particularly the right striatal circuit is found responsible in this disorder. The co-morbidity is high in ADHD. The 1/3 of patients get rid of their symp¬toms by the end of adolescence while in the rest symptoms persist throughout the adulthood. Defects in the dopamin transporter sys¬tem are likely to cause symptoms in ADHD. Some stimulants such as methylphenidate (Ritalin) are successful as they act on this system.
Bookmark/Search this post with
Abstract (Original Language): 
Dikkat eksikliği-hiperaktivite (DEHB) bozukluğu oldukça güncel, pediyatri pratiğinde sık rastlanılan sorunlardan biri olup gelişimsel davranışsal bir bozukluktur. Temel öğeleri, dikkati sürdürmede bo¬zukluk ve dikkatsizlik, dikkatin kolay dağılması, hiperaktivite ve dürtüselliktir. DEHB'nin tüm okul çocuklarında ortalama görülme sıklığı %3-17'dir Erkeklerde 3-9 kez daha sık rastlanır ve 6-9 yaş arası çocuklar daha fazla risk altındadır. Hemen her kültür ve ulusta bu bozukluğa rastlanır. Pek çok araştırma, DEHB'nin genetik kaynaklı, multijenik bir bozukluk olduğunu düşündürmektedir. DEHB'li çocukların kardeşleri 5-7 kez daha risk altındadır. Nöro-anatomik açıdan sorumlu tutulan başlıca yapılar, bazal ganglion (sağ striatofrontal devre) içinde değerlendirilmiştir. DEHB'ye pek çok başka psikiyatrik bozukluk eşlik edebilir. Olguların %30'u, 12-20 yaşlarında yani adolesan dönemde bu hastalık belirtilerinden tamamıyla kurtulabilir. Geri kalan kısmında ise erişkin çağda da yakınmalar devam eder. DEHB'nin nörokimyasal temelini dopamin reseptör ve transporterlerindeki bozukluk oluşturur. Tedavide başarıyla kullanılan metilfenidat (Ritalin) gibi bazı stimülan ilaçlar bu sis¬tem üzerinden etkili olur.
FULL TEXT (PDF): 
PDF icon arastrmx_116859_4_pp_5-10.pdf
  • 1-4
5-10
  • Turkish

REFERENCES

References: 

1. Shaywitz BA, Shaywitz SE. Learning disabilities and attentional disorders. Pediatric Neurology, Principles and Practice'de. Ed. Swaiman, KF. 2. baskı. St Louis, CV. Mosby 1994; 1119-39.
2. Yitzchak F. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Pediatric Behavioral Neurology'de. Ed. Yitzchak F. Bocak Raton, CRC Press. 1996; 179-203.
3. APA, Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. DSM-I, 4th edition, Washington DC., 1994; 78-85.
4.
Düny
a Sağlık Örgütü. ICD-10. Ruhsal ve davranışsal bozukluklar sınıf¬landırması, Pfizer Yayınları, 1992; 246-52.
5. Taylor E. Syndromes of attention deficit defect and overactivity. Child and Adolescend Psychiatry'de. Ed. Rutter M, Taylor E, Hersov L. 3. baskı. Oxford, Blackwell Science 1995; 880-900.
6. Weiss G. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry'de. Ed. Lewis M. 2. baskı. Baltimore, Williams and Wilkins
1996; 544-64.
7. Greenhill LL. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children. Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adult'da Ed. Garfinkel B.D. Carl¬son G, Weller E. Philadelphia, Saunders Company, 1990, 149-83.
8. Sandberg S. Hyperkinetic or attention deficit disorder. British J of Psychiatry1996; 169: 10-17.
9. Schacher R, Tamock R, Marriott M ve ark. Deficient inhibitory control in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. J Abnorm Child Psychol 1995; 23(4): 411-37.
10. Szatmari P, Offord DR, Boyle MH. Ontario Child Health Study: Preva¬lence of attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. J Child Psycol Psychiatry 1989; 30: 219-30.
11. Wender PH. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in adolescents and adults. Psychiatric disorders in children and adult'da. Ed. Garfinkel BD,
Carlson G, Weller E. Philadelphia, Saunders Company 1990; 183-93.
12. Ialonda J. Turgay A, Hudson J. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disor¬der: subtypes and comorbid disruptive behavior disorders in a child and adolescent mental health clinic. Can J Psychiatry 1998; 43: 623-28.
13. Bakıroğlu M, Aslan Y, Gedik Y ve ark. Relationships between serum free fatty acids and zinc, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: a re¬search note. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 1996; 37(2): 225-7.
14. Milberger S, Farane SV, Biederm J ve ark. New phenotype definition of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in relatives for genetic analyses. Am J Med Genetics 1996; 67; 369-77.
15. Cook EH, Jr Stein MA, Krasowski MD ve ark. Association of attention deficit disorder and the dopamine transporter gene. Am J Human Ge¬net 1995; 56(4): 993-8.
16. Swanson J, Castellanosu FX, Murias M ve ark. Cognitive neuroscien-ce of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Cur Opin Neurobiol 1998;
8(2): 263-71.
17. Casey BJ. castellanos FX, Giedd JN ve ark. Implication of right fron-tostriatal circuitry in response inhibiton and attention-deficit hyperacti-vity disorder. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1997; 36: 374-83.
18. Giedd NJ, Castellanosu FJ, Casey BJ ve ark. Quantitative morphology of the corpus callosum in attention deficit hyperactive disorder. Am J
Psychiatry 1994; 151(5): 665-9.
19. Castellanos Fj, Giedd JN, Jacobsen LK ve ark. Quantitative morpho¬logy of the corpus callosum in attention deficit hyperactive disorder. Am
J Psychiatry1994; 151: 1791-6.
20. Berquin PC, Giedd JN, Eckburg P ve ark. Cerebellum in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a morphometric MRI study. Neurology 1998;
50(4): 1087-93.
21. Swanson J. School based assessments and interventions for ADD stu¬dents. Irvine, CA, KC Publishing, 1992.
22. Weinberg WA, Harper CR, Schrautnagel CD ve ark. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; a disease or a symptom complex? J Pediatr 1997;
130: 665-9.
23. Werry JS, Reeves JC, Elkeind GS. Attention deficit, conduct, oppositi-onal, and anxiety disorder in children. I. A review of research on differen¬tiating characteristics. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1987; 26:
133-9.
24. Gross Tsur V, Manor O, van der Meere J, Joseph A, Shalev RS. Epi¬lepsy and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Is methylphenidate safe
and effective? J Pediatr 1997; 130(4): 670-4.
25. Taylor E. Physical treatments. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry'de. Ed. Rutter M, Taylor E, Hersov L. 3. baskı. Oxford Blackwell Science 1995;
880-900.
26. Wayne HG. Principles of psychopharmatherapy and specific drug treat¬ments. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry'de. Ed. Lewis M. 2. baskı. Bal¬timore. Williams and Wilkins 1996; 772-802.
27. Findling RI, Dogin JW. Psychopharmacology of ADHD: children and
adolescents. J Clin Psychiatry 1998; 59(17): 42-9.

Thank you for copying data from http://www.arastirmax.com