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ZUNG DEPRESYON ÖLÇEĞİNİN LİSE VE ÜNİVERSİTE ÖĞRENCİLERİ İÇİN GEÇERLİK VE GÜVENİRLİĞİ

FACTOR ANALYSIS WITH VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY AND FOR HIGHSCHOOL AND UNIVERSITY STUDENTS OF ZUNG DEPRESSION

Journal Name:

  • The International Journal of Research in Teacher Education

Publication Year:

  • 2011

Key Words:

Keywords (Original Language):

Author NameUniversity of AuthorFaculty of Author
Abstract (2. Language): 
Depression, is an important psychologic disorder. So, it is of importance early diagnose (Oskay,1997). Various depression scales are used the measurement of depression. Although Zung Depression Scale, which is one of these, is used in researches especially psychiatry branch, validity and reliability studies were done only by Ceyhun and Akça in psychiatric patients. There is a need for valid and reliable tools to determine degree of depression in the young. So, validity and reliability studies are needed so that It could be used Zung Depression Scale in adolescents. This research covers a total of 1221 students, 767 “normal” university students and 212 patient university students and 242 highschool students. “Structure and alike scale” validity methods and “depression” sub-scale of SCL-90R scale with Beck Depression Inventory were used. In determining of the reliability of scale two half validity-Cronbach Alfa Coefficient and Gutman Split-half and Spearman Brown were used. Besides, Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Sampling Adequecy and Berlett’s Test of Sphericity analysises were administered to determine factor structure of scale then the factor analysises were done separately for highschool, university patient student groups. In terms of depression points averages of highschool and university students, as there was no significant difference in the alpha level of p<0.05 in terms of Zung Depression Scale points between high students and university normal students group, there was a significant difference on behalf of the high students. There was significant difference on behalf of the normal students in terms of depression point averages. Consequently, it is said that Zung Depression Scale is applicable in respect of validity and reliable for depression levels of normal and patient students in highschool and university students. In this context, it could be suggested that the scale be used as a validity and reliability means in the measurement of depression levels of normal and patient students and researches.
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Abstract (Original Language): 
Depresyon önemli bir psikolojik bozukluktur. Bu nedenle erken teşhis önem taşımaktadır (Oskay,1997; Köroğlu,2004). Depresyonun ölçülmesinde değişik depresyon ölçekleri kullanılmaktadır. Zung Depresyon Ölçeği, birçok araştırmada kullanılmasına karşın Ceyhun ve Akça, (1996)’nın psikiyatrik hastalarla yaptığı çalışma dışında geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmasına rastlanmamıştır. Depresyonu belirlemede geçerli ve güvenilir araçlara gereksinim vardır. Bu nedenle “Zung Depresyon Ölçeği”nin geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmasına gerek duyulmuştur. Araştırma, 242 lise öğrencisi ile 767 “normal” ve 212 “hasta” üniversite öğrencisinden oluşan 1221 kişi üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Ölçeğin, “yapı” ve “benzer ölçek” geçerliği için Beck Depresyon Envanteri ile SCL–90 R ölçeğinin “Depresyon” alt ölçeğinden yararlanılmıştır. Güvenirliğinin saptanmasında, Cronbach Alfa Katsayısı, Gutman Split-half ve Spearman Brown iki yarı güvenirliği hesaplanmıştır. Ayrıca ölçeğin faktör yapısını belirlemek için önce örneklem yeterliği ve uygunluğu Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Sampling Adequecy ve Berlett’s Test of Sphericity analizleri yapılmıştır. Lise ve üniversite öğrencileri depresyon puan ortalamaları açısından, lise öğrencileri ile üniversite normal öğrenci grubu arasında Zung Depresyon Ölçeği puanları açısından p>0.05 önem düzeyinde anlamlı bir fark çıkmazken, lise ve üniversite hasta öğrenci grubu arasında p<0.05 önem düzeyinde lise öğrencileri lehine anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur. Normal ve hasta üniversite öğrencileri arasında normallerin lehine fark bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak, Zung Depresyon Ölçeğinin lise ve üniversite öğrencilerinde, normal ve hasta öğrencilerin depresyon düzeylerinin ölçülmesinde geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu yani psikometrik özellikler yönünden uygun olduğu söylenebilir. Bu bağlamda, ölçeğin araştırmalarda normal ve hasta öğrencilerin depresyon düzeylerinin ölçülmesinde geçerli ve güvenilir bir araç olarak kullanılabileceği önerilebilir.
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